{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T11:47:55Z","timestamp":1790768875120,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"14","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n                      Preparticipation cardiovascular screening in athletes is fully endorsed by major medical societies, yet the most effective screening protocol remains debated. We prospectively compared the performance of the American Heart Association (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) 14\u2010point screening evaluation and a resting\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      for cardiovascular screening of high school athletes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n                      Competitive athletes participating in organized high school or premier\/select level sports underwent cardiovascular screening using the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      14\u2010point history and physical examination, and an\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      interpreted with the Seattle Criteria. A limited echocardiogram was performed for all screening abnormalities. The primary outcome measure was identification of a cardiovascular disorder associated with sudden cardiac death. From October 2014 to June 2017, 3620 high school athletes (median age, 16\u00a0years; range 13\u201319; 46.2% female; 78.6% white, 8.0% black) were screened. One or more positive responses to the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      14\u2010point questionnaire were present in 814 (22.5%) athletes. The most common history responses included chest pain (8.1%), family history of inheritable conditions (7.3%), and shortness of breath (6.4%). Abnormal physical examination was present in 356 (9.8%) athletes, and 103 (2.8%) athletes had an abnormal\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      . Sixteen (0.4%) athletes had conditions associated with sudden cardiac death. The sensitivity (18.8%), specificity (68.0%), and positive predictive value (0.3%) of the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      14\u2010point evaluation was substantially lower than the sensitivity (87.5%), specificity (97.5%), and positive predictive value (13.6%) of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n                      The\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      14\u2010point evaluation performs poorly compared with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      for cardiovascular screening of high school athletes. The use of consensus\u2010derived history questionnaires as the primary tool for cardiovascular screening in athletes should be reevaluated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.119.012235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,9]],"date-time":"2019-07-09T05:08:05Z","timestamp":1562648885000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":113,"title":["Performance of the American Heart Association (AHA) 14\u2010Point Evaluation Versus Electrocardiography for the Cardiovascular Screening of High School Athletes: A Prospective Study"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Elizabeth A.","family":"Williams","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Medicine Section Department of Family Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hank 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Pediatrics University of Washington Seattle WA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberly G.","family":"Harmon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Medicine Section Department of Family Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan A.","family":"Drezner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Medicine Section Department of Family Medicine University of Washington Seattle 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