{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T16:30:08Z","timestamp":1789749008738,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"13","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Exposure to fine airborne particulate matter (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PM<\/jats:styled-content>\n              <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n              ) induces quantitative and qualitative defects in bone marrow\u2013derived endothelial progenitor cells of mice, and similar outcomes in humans may contribute to vascular dysfunction and the cardiovascular morbidity and mortality associated with\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PM<\/jats:styled-content>\n              <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n              exposure. Nevertheless, mechanisms underlying the pervasive effects of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PM<\/jats:styled-content>\n              <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n              are unclear and effective interventional strategies to mitigate against\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PM<\/jats:styled-content>\n              <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n              toxicity are lacking. Furthermore, whether\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PM<\/jats:styled-content>\n              <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n              exposure affects other types of bone marrow stem cells leading to additional hematological or immunological dysfunction is not clear.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Mice given normal drinking water or that supplemented with carnosine, a naturally occurring, nucleophilic di\u2010peptide that binds reactive aldehydes, were exposed to filtered air or concentrated ambient particles. Mice drinking normal water and exposed to concentrated ambient particles demonstrated a depletion of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells but no change in mesenchymal stem cells. However, HSC depletion was significantly attenuated when the mice were placed on drinking water containing carnosine. Carnosine supplementation also increased the levels of carnosine\u2010propanal conjugates in the urine of CAPs\u2013exposed mice and prevented the concentrated ambient particles\u2013induced dysfunction of endothelial progenitor cells as assessed by in\u00a0vitro and in\u00a0vivo assays.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              These results suggest that exposure to\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PM<\/jats:styled-content>\n              <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n              has pervasive effects on different bone marrow stem cell populations and that\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PM<\/jats:styled-content>\n              <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n              \u2010induced hematopoietic stem cells depletion, endothelial progenitor cell dysfunction, and defects in vascular repair can be mitigated by excess carnosine. Carnosine supplementation may be a viable approach for preventing\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PM<\/jats:styled-content>\n              <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n              \u2010induced immune dysfunction and cardiovascular injury in humans.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.119.013041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,25]],"date-time":"2019-06-25T12:15:40Z","timestamp":1561464940000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Carnosine Supplementation Mitigates the Deleterious Effects of Particulate Matter Exposure in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Wesley","family":"Abplanalp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine\rDiabetes and Obesity Center\rUniversity of Louisville\rKY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"Haberzettl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine\rDiabetes and Obesity Center\rUniversity of Louisville\rKY"},{"name":"Envirome Institute\rUniversity of Louisville\rKY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aruni","family":"Bhatnagar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine\rDiabetes and Obesity Center\rUniversity of Louisville\rKY"},{"name":"Envirome Institute\rUniversity of Louisville\rKY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Conklin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine\rDiabetes and Obesity Center\rUniversity of Louisville\rKY"},{"name":"Envirome Institute\rUniversity of Louisville\rKY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy E.","family":"O'Toole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine\rDiabetes and Obesity Center\rUniversity of Louisville\rKY"},{"name":"Envirome Institute\rUniversity of Louisville\rKY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"243","article-title":"A systematic review of the relation between long\u2010term exposure to ambient air pollution and chronic diseases","volume":"23","author":"Chen H","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chen H, Goldberg MS, Villeneuve PJ. 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