{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T23:08:18Z","timestamp":1792192098310,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"17","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Little attention has been paid to the importance of sex in the long\u2010term prognosis of patients undergoing cardiac surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n                      We conducted a retrospective cohort study of Ontario residents, aged \u226540\u00a0years, who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and\/or aortic, mitral, or tricuspid valve surgery between October 1, 2008, and December 31, 2016. The primary outcome was all\u2010cause mortality. The mortality rate in each surgical group was calculated using the Kaplan\u2010Meier method. The risk of death was assessed using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models. Sex\u2010specific mortality risk factors were identified using multiplicative interaction terms. A total of 72\u00a0824 patients were included in the study (25% women). The median follow\u2010up period was 5 (interquartile range, 3\u20137) years. The long\u2010term age\u2010standardized mortality rate was lowest in patients who underwent isolated\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CABG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and highest among those who underwent combined\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CABG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \/multiple valve surgery. Women had significantly higher age\u2010standardized mortality rate than men after\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CABG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and combined\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CABG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \/mitral valve surgery. Men had lower rates of long\u2010term mortality than women after isolated mitral valve repair, whereas women had lower rates of long\u2010term mortality than men after isolated mitral valve replacement. We observed a statistically significant association between female sex and long\u2010term mortality after adjustment for key risk factors.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Female sex was associated with long\u2010term mortality after cardiac surgery. Perioperative optimization and long\u2010term follow\u2010up should be tailored to younger women with a history of myocardial infarction and percutaneous coronary intervention and older men with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and depression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.119.013260","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,23]],"date-time":"2019-08-23T05:00:13Z","timestamp":1566536413000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":125,"title":["Sex Differences in Long\u2010Term Survival After Major Cardiac Surgery: A Population\u2010Based Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Amy","family":"Johnston","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre University of Ottawa Heart Institute Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thierry G.","family":"Mesana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiac Surgery University of Ottawa Heart Institute Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas S.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Peter Munk Cardiac Centre University Health Network University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anan Bader","family":"Eddeen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise Y.","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Division of Cardiac Anesthesiology University of Ottawa Heart Institute and School of Epidemiology and Public Health University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMicm064659"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(97)00559-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icvts\/ivx330"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"394","article-title":"Recent evolution in demographic and clinical characteristics and in\u2010hospital morbidity in patients undergoing coronary surgery","volume":"52","author":"Baillot R","year":"2009","unstructured":"Baillot R, Joanisse D, Stevens L, Doyle D, Dionne B, Lellouche F. 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