{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T18:39:34Z","timestamp":1764700774745,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Job strain is implicated in many atherosclerotic diseases, but its role in peripheral artery disease (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              ) is unclear. We investigated the association of job strain with hospital records of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              , using individual\u2010level data from 11 prospective cohort studies from Finland, Sweden, Denmark, and the United Kingdom.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Job strain (high demands and low control at work) was self\u2010reported at baseline (1985\u20132008).\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              records were ascertained from national hospitalization data. We used Cox regression to examine the associations of job strain with\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              in each study, and combined the study\u2010specific estimates in random effects meta\u2010analyses. We used \u03c4\n              <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n              , I\n              <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n              , and subgroup analyses to examine heterogeneity. Of the 139\u00a0132 participants with no previous hospitalization with\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              , 32\u00a0489 (23.4%) reported job strain at baseline. During 1\u00a0718\u00a0132\u00a0person\u2010years at risk (mean follow\u2010up 12.8\u00a0years), 667 individuals had a hospital record of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              (3.88 per 10\u00a0000\u00a0person\u2010years). Job strain was associated with a 1.41\u2010fold (95% CI, 1.11\u20131.80) increased average risk of hospitalization with\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              . The study\u2010specific estimates were moderately heterogeneous (\u03c4\n              <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n              =0.0427, I\n              <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n              : 26.9%). Despite variation in their magnitude, the estimates were consistent in both sexes, across the socioeconomic hierarchy and by baseline smoking status. Additional adjustment for baseline diabetes mellitus did not change the direction or magnitude of the observed associations.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Job strain was associated with small but consistent increase in the risk of hospitalization with\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              , with the relative risks on par with those for coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.119.013538","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,28]],"date-time":"2020-04-28T09:07:07Z","timestamp":1588064827000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Job Strain as a Risk Factor for Peripheral Artery Disease: A Multi\u2010Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6269-6881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katriina","family":"Heikkil\u00e4","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Services Research and Policy London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London United Kingdom"},{"name":"Finnish Institute of Occupational Health Tampere, Helsinki and Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jaana","family":"Pentti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health University of Turku and Turku University Hospital Turku Finland"},{"name":"Department of Public Health University of Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ida E. 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Stockholm County Council Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Institute of Environmental Medicine Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jakob","family":"Bjorner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Centre for the Working Environment Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marianne","family":"Borritz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Bispebjerg Hospital Copenhagen University Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Brunner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Public Health University College London London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hermann","family":"Burr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Institute for Occupational 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