{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T07:13:29Z","timestamp":1792826009235,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Electronic cigarettes (e\u2010cigarettes) have been proposed as a potential harm reduction tool for combustible cigarette smokers. The majority of adult e\u2010cigarette users continue to smoke combustible cigarettes and are considered dual users. The vascular impact of e\u2010cigarettes remains incompletely defined.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              We examined the association of e\u2010cigarette use with measures of vascular function and tonometry, preclinical measures of cardiovascular injury. As part of the\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CITU<\/jats:styled-content>\n              (Cardiovascular Injury due to Tobacco Use) study, we performed noninvasive vascular function testing in individuals without known cardiovascular disease or cardiovascular disease risk factors who were nonsmokers (n=94), users of combustible cigarettes (n=285), users of e\u2010cigarettes (n=36), or dual users (n=52). In unadjusted analyses, measures of arterial stiffness including carotid\u2010femoral pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, carotid\u2010radial pulse wave velocity, and central blood pressures differed across the use groups. In multivariable models adjusted for age, sex, race, and study site, combustible cigarette smokers had higher augmentation index compared with nonusers (129.8\u00b11.5 versus 118.8\u00b12.7,\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.003). The augmentation index was similar between combustible cigarette smokers compared with sole e\u2010cigarette users (129.8\u00b11.5 versus 126.2\u00b15.9,\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =1.0) and dual users (129.8\u00b11.5 versus 134.9\u00b14.0,\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =1.0). Endothelial cells from combustible cigarette smokers and sole e\u2010cigarette users produced less nitric oxide in response to A23187 stimulation compared with nonsmokers, suggestive of impaired endothelial nitric oxide synthase signaling.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Our findings suggest that e\u2010cigarette use is not associated with a more favorable vascular profile. Future longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate the long\u2010term risks of sustained e\u2010cigarette use.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.119.014570","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,29]],"date-time":"2020-04-29T09:00:18Z","timestamp":1588150818000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":99,"title":["Alterations in Vascular Function Associated With the Use of Combustible and Electronic Cigarettes"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9286-7538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica L.","family":"Fetterman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Evans Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute Boston University School of Medicine Boston MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel J.","family":"Keith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville KY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph N.","family":"Palmisano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evans Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute Boston University School of Medicine Boston MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen L.","family":"McGlasson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evans Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute Boston University School of Medicine Boston MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert M.","family":"Weisbrod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evans Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute Boston University School of Medicine Boston MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sana","family":"Majid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evans Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute Boston University School of Medicine Boston MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reena","family":"Bastin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evans Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute Boston University School of Medicine Boston MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary Margaret","family":"Stathos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evans Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute Boston University School of Medicine Boston MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew C.","family":"Stokes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Boston University Boston MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rose Marie","family":"Robertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"American Heart Association Dallas TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aruni","family":"Bhatnagar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville KY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naomi M.","family":"Hamburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evans Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute Boston University School of Medicine Boston MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntx194"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","first-page":"50","article-title":"Transitions in electronic cigarette use among adults in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study, waves 1 and 2 (2013\u20132015)","volume":"28","author":"Coleman B","year":"2019","unstructured":"Coleman B, Rostron B, Johnson SE, Persoskie A, Pearson J, Stanton C, Choi K, Anic G, Goniewicz ML, Cummings KM, et al. Transitions in electronic cigarette use among adults in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study, waves 1 and 2 (2013\u20132015). 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