{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T21:51:17Z","timestamp":1793137877308,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Dickkopf\u20101 and sclerostin have been implicated in atherosclerosis and vascular calcification. We aimed to quantify the association of their serum levels with incident cardiovascular disease (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              ) in the general population.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Among 706 participants of the prospective, population\u2010based Bruneck Study, mean\u00b1SD of serum levels were 44.5\u00b114.7\u00a0pmol\/L for dickkopf\u20101 and 47.1\u00b117.5\u00a0pmol\/L for sclerostin. The primary outcome was a composite\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              end point composed of ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, transient ischemic attack, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, peripheral vascular disease, and revascularization procedures. Over a median follow\u2010up duration of 15.6\u00a0years, 179\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              events occurred. For the primary\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              outcome, multivariable\u2010adjusted hazard ratios (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>\n              s) per SD higher level were 1.20 for dickkopf\u20101 (95%\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n              , 1.02\u20131.42;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.028) and 0.92 for sclerostin (95%\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI,<\/jats:styled-content>\n              0.78\u20131.08;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.286). Secondary outcome analyses revealed that the association of dickkopf\u20101 was primarily driven by ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke (67 events;\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR,<\/jats:styled-content>\n              1.37; 95%\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI,<\/jats:styled-content>\n              1.06\u20131.78;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.017), whereas no increase in risk was observed for transient ischemic attack (22 events;\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR,<\/jats:styled-content>\n              0.87; 95%\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI,<\/jats:styled-content>\n              0.53\u20131.44;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.593), myocardial infarction (45 events;\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR,<\/jats:styled-content>\n              1.10; 95% CI, 0.78\u20131.54;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.598), or for other\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              (45 events;\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR,<\/jats:styled-content>\n              1.25; 95%\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI,<\/jats:styled-content>\n              0.88\u20131.76;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.209).\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              In this prospective, population\u2010based study, elevated baseline levels of dickkopf\u20101, but not sclerostin, were independently associated with incident cardiovascular events, which was mainly driven by stroke. Our findings support the hypothesis of a role of dickkopf\u20101 in the pathogenesis of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              .\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.119.014816","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,15]],"date-time":"2020-03-15T09:01:28Z","timestamp":1584262888000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Associations of Serum Dickkopf\u20101 and Sclerostin With Cardiovascular Events: Results From the Prospective Bruneck Study"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Klingenschmid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Medical University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lena","family":"Tschiderer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Medical University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gottfried","family":"Himmler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Antibody Lab GmbHVienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregorio","family":"Rungger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurology Hospital of Bruneck Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Brugger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Internal Medicine Hospital of Bruneck Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Santer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Laboratory Medicine Hospital of Bruneck Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johann","family":"Willeit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Medical University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Kiechl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Medical University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1866-7159","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Willeit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Medical University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria"},{"name":"Department of Public Health and Primary Care University of Cambridge United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3074"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.109.189761"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2017.277"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-015-1369-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.116.308723"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2016.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2011.05.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2009.07.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.118.311042"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1708322"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2017-02163"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1607948"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1479164117742316"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0199504"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2018.03.045"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.19.6.1484"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.19.6.1491"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.20.2.529"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.29.5.900"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3949"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.20.7.1183"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.13.5.661"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","first-page":"I13","article-title":"The National Survey of Stroke. 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