{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T17:39:47Z","timestamp":1791913187310,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              High sodium (Na\n              <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n              ) intake is a widespread cardiovascular disease risk factor. High Na\n              <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n              intake impairs endothelial function and exaggerates sympathetic reflexes, which may augment exercising blood pressure (BP) responses. Therefore, this study examined the influence of high dietary Na\n              <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n              on BP responses during submaximal aerobic exercise.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Twenty adults (8F\/12M, age=24\u00b14\u00a0years; body mass index 23.0\u00b10.6\u00a0kg\u00b7m\n              <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n              ; VO\n              <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n              peak=39.7\u00b19.8\u00a0mL\u00b7min\n              <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n              \u00b7kg\n              <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n              ; systolic BP=111\u00b110\u00a0mm\u00a0Hg; diastolic BP=64\u00b18\u00a0mm\u00a0Hg) participated in this randomized, double\u2010blind, placebo\u2010controlled crossover study. Total Na\n              <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n              intake was manipulated via ingestion of capsules containing either a placebo (dextrose) or table salt (3900\u00a0mg Na\n              <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n              \/day) for 10\u00a0days each, separated by \u22652\u00a0weeks. On day 10 of each intervention, endothelial function was assessed via flow\u2010mediated dilation followed by BP measurement at rest and during 50\u00a0minutes of cycling at 60% VO\n              <jats:sub>2peak<\/jats:sub>\n              . Throughout exercise, BP was assessed continuously via finger photoplethysmography and every 5\u00a0minutes via auscultation. Venous blood samples were collected at rest and during the final 10\u00a0minutes of exercise for assessment of norepinephrine. High Na\n              <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n              intake increased urinary Na\n              <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n              excretion (placebo=140\u00b168 versus Na\n              <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n              =282\u00b170\u00a0mmol\u00b724H\n              <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n              ;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.001) and reduced flow\u2010mediated dilation (placebo=7.2\u00b12.4 versus Na\n              <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n              =4.2\u00b11.7%;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.001). Average exercising systolic BP was augmented following high Na\n              <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n              (placebo=\u039430.0\u00b116.3 versus Na\n              <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n              =\u039438.3\u00b116.2\u00a0mm\u00a0Hg;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.03) and correlated to the reduction in flow\u2010mediated dilation (\n              <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n              =\u22120.71,\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.002). Resting norepinephrine concentration was not different between conditions (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.82). Norepinephrine increased during exercise (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.002), but there was no Na\n              <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n              effect (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.26).\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              High dietary Na\n              <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n              augments BP responses during submaximal aerobic exercise, which may be mediated, in part, by impaired endothelial function.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.120.015633","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,14]],"date-time":"2020-05-14T09:28:27Z","timestamp":1589448507000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["High Salt Intake Augments Blood Pressure Responses During Submaximal Aerobic Exercise"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Matthew C.","family":"Babcock","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology University of Delaware Newark DE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Austin T.","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology University of Delaware Newark DE"},{"name":"School of Kinesiology Auburn University Auburn AL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamila U.","family":"Migdal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology University of Delaware Newark DE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph C.","family":"Watso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology University of Delaware Newark DE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher R.","family":"Martens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology University of Delaware Newark DE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David G.","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology University of Delaware Newark DE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda S.","family":"Pescatello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology University of Connecticut Storrs CT"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William B.","family":"Farquhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology University of Delaware Newark DE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6452a1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.07.745"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","unstructured":"U S Department of Health and Human Services . 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