{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]],"date-time":"2026-05-10T07:17:17Z","timestamp":1778397437623,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"13","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Sleep\u2010disordered breathing (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SDB<\/jats:styled-content>\n              ) is considered a strong risk factor for hypertension in the general population. This disturbance is common in end\u2010stage kidney disease patients on long\u2010term hemodialysis and improves early on after renal transplantation. Whether\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SDB<\/jats:styled-content>\n              may be a risk factor for hypertension in renal transplant patients is unclear.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              We investigated the long\u2010term evolution of simultaneous polysomnographic and 24\u2010hour ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring recordings in a cohort of 221 renal transplant patients. Overall, 404 paired recordings were made over a median follow\u2010up of 35\u00a0months. A longitudinal data analysis was performed by the mixed linear model. The apnea\u2010hypopnea index increased from a median baseline value of 1.8 (interquartile range, 0.6\u20135.0) to a median final value of 3.6 (interquartile range, 1.7\u201310.4;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.009). Repeated categorical measurements of the apnea\u2010hypopnea index were directly associated with simultaneous 24\u2010hour, daytime, and nighttime systolic ambulatory BP monitoring (adjusted analyses;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              ranging from 0.002\u20130.01). In a sensitivity analysis restricted to 139 patients with at least 2 visits, 24\u2010hour, daytime, and nighttime systolic\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BP<\/jats:styled-content>\n              significantly increased across visits (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.05) in patients with worsening\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SDB<\/jats:styled-content>\n              (n=40), whereas the same\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BP<\/jats:styled-content>\n              metrics did not change in patients (n=99) with stable apnea\u2010hypopnea index.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              In renal transplant patients, worsening\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SDB<\/jats:styled-content>\n              associates with a parallel increase in average 24\u2010hour, daytime, and nighttime systolic\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BP<\/jats:styled-content>\n              . These data are compatible with the hypothesis that the link between\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SDB<\/jats:styled-content>\n              and hypertension is causal in nature. Clinical trials are, however, needed to definitively test this hypothesis.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.120.016237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,24]],"date-time":"2020-06-24T09:17:56Z","timestamp":1592990276000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Sleep\u2010Disordered Breathing and 24\u2010Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring in Renal Transplant Patients: Longitudinal Study"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Francesca","family":"Mallamaci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, Reggio Cal. National Research Council of Italy Center of Clinical Physiology c\/o Ospedali Riuniti Reggio Calabria Italy"},{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Transplantation Department of Medicine Ospedali Riuniti Reggio Calabria Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rocco","family":"Tripepi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, Reggio Cal. National Research Council of Italy Center of Clinical Physiology c\/o Ospedali Riuniti Reggio Calabria Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Graziella","family":"D'Arrigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, Reggio Cal. National Research Council of Italy Center of Clinical Physiology c\/o Ospedali Riuniti Reggio Calabria Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Panuccio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Transplantation Department of Medicine Ospedali Riuniti Reggio Calabria Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanna","family":"Parlongo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Transplantation Department of Medicine Ospedali Riuniti Reggio Calabria Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Graziella","family":"Caridi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Transplantation Department of Medicine Ospedali Riuniti Reggio Calabria Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Carmela","family":"Versace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, Reggio Cal. National Research Council of Italy Center of Clinical Physiology c\/o Ospedali Riuniti Reggio Calabria Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gianfranco","family":"Parati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular, Neural and Metabolic Sciences Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS San Luca Hospital Milan Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Milano\u2010Bicocca Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Tripepi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, Reggio Cal. National Research Council of Italy Center of Clinical Physiology c\/o Ospedali Riuniti Reggio Calabria Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6616-1996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmine","family":"Zoccali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, Reggio Cal. 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