{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T05:28:33Z","timestamp":1792819713980,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"16","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) after surgical aortic valve replacement and transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) carries significant morbidity\/mortality. Our review aims to compare incidence, predisposing factors, microbiology, diagnosis, management, and outcomes of PVE in surgical aortic valve replacement\/TAVR patients. We searched PubMed and Embase to identify published studies from January 1, 2015 to March 13, 2020. Key words were indexed for original reports, clinical studies, and reviews. Reports were evaluated by 2 authors against a priori inclusion\/exclusion criteria. Studies were included if they reported incidence and outcomes related to surgical aortic valve replacement\/TAVR PVE and excluded if they were published pre\u20102015 or included a small population. We followed the Cochrane methodology and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta\u2010Analyses guidelines for all stages of the design and implementation. Study quality was based on the Newcastle\u2010Ottawa Scale. Thirty\u2010three studies with 311 to 41\u200a025 patients contained relevant information. The majority found no significant difference in incidence of surgical aortic valve replacement\/TAVR PVE (reported as 0.3%\u20131.2% per patient\u2010year versus 0.6%\u20133.4%), but there were key differences in pathogenesis. TAVR has a specific set of infection risks related to entry site, procedure, and device, including nonstandardized protocols for infection control, valve crimping injury, paravalvular leak, neo\u2010leaflet stress, intact\/calcified native leaflets, and intracardiac hardware. With the expansion of TAVR to lower risk and younger patients, a better understanding of pathogenesis, patient presentation, and guideline\u2010directed treatment is paramount. When operative intervention is necessary, mortality remains high at 20% to 30%. Unique TAVR infection risks present opportunities for PVE prevention, therefore, further investigation is imperative.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.120.017347","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,8]],"date-time":"2020-08-08T09:06:13Z","timestamp":1596877573000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Infective Endocarditis After Surgical and Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A State of the Art Review"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1012-7967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophia L.","family":"Alexis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Mount Sinai Medical Center New York NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4865-8114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aaqib H.","family":"Malik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Westchester Medical Center Valhalla NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7770-4450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isaac","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiac Surgery Columbia University Medical Center New York NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1342-9191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca T.","family":"Hahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Columbia University Medical Center New York NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar K.","family":"Khalique","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Columbia University Medical Center New York NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karthik","family":"Seetharam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1278-6245","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deepak L.","family":"Bhatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital Heart &amp; Vascular Center Harvard Medical School Boston MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7219-990X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gilbert H. L.","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Mount Sinai Medical Center New York NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","first-page":"731","volume-title":"Cardiac Surgery in the Adult","author":"Pettersson GB","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pettersson GB, Hussain ST. Surgical treatment of aortic valve endocarditis. In: Cohn LH, Adams DH, eds. Cardiac Surgery in the Adult. 5th ed. New York: McGraw Hill Education; 2018:731\u2013741.","edition":"5"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.014089"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.114.001939"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2018.08.054"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2018.05.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4244\/EIJV8I12A214"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1202277"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2016.128"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2018.06.54"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2018.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.041399"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2014.09.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2004.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.10.066"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","first-page":"316","article-title":"Strategies for prophylaxis against prosthetic valve endocarditis: a review article","volume":"7","author":"Hyde JA","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hyde JA, Darouiche RO, Costerton JW. Strategies for prophylaxis against prosthetic valve endocarditis: a review article. J Heart Valve Dis. 1998;7:316\u2013326.","journal-title":"J Heart Valve Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv319"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","first-page":"13","article-title":"Surgical treatment of prosthetic valve endocarditis","volume":"7","author":"Lytle BW","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lytle BW. Surgical treatment of prosthetic valve endocarditis. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1995;7:13\u201319.","journal-title":"Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-6701(96)90159-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu388"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2014.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2018.06.043"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.03.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874192401610010028"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_25_2","first-page":"25","article-title":"The impact of aortic valve homografts on the treatment of aortic prosthetic valve endocarditis","volume":"7","author":"McGiffin DC","year":"1995","unstructured":"McGiffin DC, Kirklin JK. The impact of aortic valve homografts on the treatment of aortic prosthetic valve endocarditis. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1995;7:25\u201331.","journal-title":"Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehs255"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CRD.0000000000000244"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/euhj.1998.1240"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(93)90740-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199103213241203"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2007.06.028"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2009.12.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(91)90591-V"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.105.165564"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10554-015-0814-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.015316"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2017.05.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.01.092"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_39_2","first-page":"A105","article-title":"Prosthetic valve endocarditis following transcatheter aortic valve implantation-experience from a UK centre","volume":"105","author":"Ali N","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ali N, Baig W, Wu J, Blackman D, Gillott R, Sandoe J. Prosthetic valve endocarditis following transcatheter aortic valve implantation-experience from a UK centre. Heart. 2019;105:A105\u2013A106.","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2013.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-017-2076-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2016.11.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000503"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12350-018-1383-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2016.09.093"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/imi.0000000000000510"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4244\/EIJ-D-19-00247"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.12.078"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.140.suppl_1.16364"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.028783"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.002003"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2019.10.027"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2019.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1516-3180.2018.031150418"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icvts\/ivw087"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2017.05.143"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1514616"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.03.506"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.08.2146"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2019.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2018.11.031"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_62_2","first-page":"S1198-743X:3006","article-title":"Incidence and outcomes of infective endocarditis after transcatheter aortic valve implantation versus surgical aortic valve replacement","volume":"20","author":"Fauchier L","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fauchier L, Bisson A, Herbert J, Lacour T, Bourguignon T, Saint Etienne C, Bernard A, Deharo P, Bernard L, Babuty D. Incidence and outcomes of infective endocarditis after transcatheter aortic valve implantation versus surgical aortic valve replacement. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2020;20: S1198-743X:30063-X.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1814052"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1816885"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.12347"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.03.588"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz588"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2014.09.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4244\/EIJY15M02_05"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2017.11.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30073-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.13777"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz745.0078"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehy563.P4580"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_75_2","first-page":"83","article-title":"Infective endocarditis after transcatheter aortic-valve implantation: incidence, impact, and treatment in a French university hospital","volume":"12","author":"Servoz C","year":"2020","unstructured":"Servoz C, Bouisset F, Marcheix B, Grunenwald E, Carrie D, Boudou N, Campelo-Parada F, Chollet T, Lhermusier T. Infective endocarditis after transcatheter aortic-valve implantation: incidence, impact, and treatment in a French university hospital. Arch Cardiovasc Dis Suppl. 2020;12:83.","journal-title":"Arch Cardiovasc Dis Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.14346"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Heart Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/JAHA.120.017347","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T11:58:29Z","timestamp":1715601509000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/JAHA.120.017347"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,18]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"16","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,18]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/JAHA.120.017347"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/jaha.120.017347","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-9980"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-9980","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-08-08","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e017347"}}