{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T07:21:39Z","timestamp":1784791299833,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Women represent an increasing percentage of interventional cardiologists in Italy compared with other countries. However, gaps exist in understanding and adapting to the impact of these changing demographics.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              We performed a national survey to analyze demographics, gender\u2010based professional difference, needs in terms of catheterization laboratory (Cath\u2010Lab) abstention, and radiation safety issues in Italian Cath\u2010Lab settings. A survey supported by the Italian Society of Interventional Cardiology (Societ\u00e0 Italiana di Cardiologia Interventistica\u2013Gruppo Italiano di Studi Emodinamici SICI\u2010GISE) was mailed to all SICI\u2010GISE members. Categorical data were compared using the \u03c7\n              <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n              test.\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.05 was considered significant. There were 326 respondents: 20.2% were &lt;35 years old, and 64.4% had &gt;10 years of Cath\u2010Lab experience. Notably, 26.4% were women. Workload was not gender\u2010influenced (women performed \u201con\u2010call\u201d duty 69.8% versus men 68.3%;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.97). Women were more frequently unmarried (22.1% women versus 8.7% men;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.002) and childless (43.9% versus 56.1%;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.001). Interestingly, 69.8% of women versus 44.6% of men (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.001) argued that pregnancy\/breastfeeding negatively impacts professional skill development and career advancement. For Cath\u2010Lab abstention, 38.9% and 69.6% of respondents considered it useful to perform percutaneous coronary intervention robotic simulations and \"refresh\u2010skill\" sessions while they were absent or on return to work, respectively, without gender differences. Overall, 80% of respondents described current radioprotection counseling efforts as inadequate and not gender specific. Finally, 26.7% faced some type of job discrimination, a significantly higher proportion of whom were women.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Several gender\u2010based differences exist or are perceived to exist among interventional cardiologists in Italian Cath\u2010Labs. Joint strategies addressing Cath\u2010Lab abstention and radiation exposure education should be developed to promote gender equity in interventional cardiologists.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.120.017537","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,23]],"date-time":"2021-02-23T10:01:28Z","timestamp":1614074488000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Gender Issues in Italian Catheterization Laboratories: The Gender\u2010CATH Study"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3159-8108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"Bernelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Department Interventional Cardiology Unit Santa Corona Hospital Pietra Ligure Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1260-7534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enrico","family":"Cerrato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Unit San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital Orbassano and Infermi Hospital Rivoli Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Ortega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuela","family":"Piccaluga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Unit ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Ricottini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Unit University Campus Bio\u2010Medico of Rome Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3505-9112","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alaide","family":"Chieffo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Unit San Raffaele Hospital of Milan (IRCCS) Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Masiero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Unit University Hospital of Padova Padua Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessio","family":"Mattesini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Unit Careggi University Hospital (AOUC) Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessio","family":"La Manna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Unit Ferrarotto Hospital Catania Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Musumeci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Unit Mauriziano Hospital Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5055-2917","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Tarantini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Unit University Hospital of Padova Padua Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5546-262X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roxana","family":"Mehran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","unstructured":"Darves B. 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Council Directive 2013\/59\/Euratom of 5 December 2013 laying down basic safety standards for protection against the dangers arising from exposure to ionising radiation, and repealing Directives 89\/618\/Euratom, 90\/641\/ Euratom, 96\/29\/Euratom, 97\/43\/Euratom and 2003\/122\/Euratom. Official Journal of the European Union. 2014;57:1\u201373.","journal-title":"Official Journal of the European Union"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icrp.2012.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_27_2","unstructured":"Decreto Legislativo 26 marzo 2001 n. 151. Testo unico delle disposizioni legislative in materia di tutela e sostegno della maternita' e della paternita' a norma dell'articolo 15 della legge 8 marzo 2000 n. 53. (Pubblicato nella G.U. 26 aprile 2001 n. 96 S.O.)."}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Heart Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/JAHA.120.017537","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T11:11:26Z","timestamp":1715598686000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/JAHA.120.017537"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/JAHA.120.017537"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/jaha.120.017537","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-9980"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-9980","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-05-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-08-24","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-02-23","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e017537"}}