{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T17:35:21Z","timestamp":1788543321899,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disease usually affecting the lungs, although cardiac morbidity may be common. The risk of these outcomes and the characteristics that predict them remain largely unknown. This study investigates the epidemiology of heart failure, atrioventricular block, and ventricular tachycardia among patients with and without sarcoidosis.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">We identified California residents aged \u226521\u00a0years using the Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development ambulatory surgery, emergency, or inpatient databases from 2005 to 2015. The risk of sarcoidosis on incident heart failure, atrioventricular block, and ventricular tachycardia were each determined. Linkage to the Social Security Death Index was used to ascertain overall mortality. Among 22\u00a0527\u00a0964 California residents, 19\u00a0762 patients with sarcoidosis (0.09%) were identified. Sarcoidosis was the strongest predictor of heart failure (hazard ratio [HR], 11.2; 95% CI, 10.7\u201311.7), atrioventricular block (HR, 117.7; 95% CI, 103.3\u2013134.0), and ventricular tachycardia (HR, 26.1; 95% CI, 24.2\u201328.1) identified among all risk factors. The presence of any cardiac involvement best predicted each outcome. Approximately 22% (95% CI, 18%\u201326%) of the relationship between sarcoidosis and increased mortality was explained by the presence of at least 1 of these cardiovascular outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">The magnitude of risk associated with sarcoidosis as a predictor of heart failure, atrioventricular block, and ventricular tachycardia, exceeds all established risk factors. Surveillance for and anticipation of these outcomes among patients with sarcoidosis is indicated, and consideration of a sarcoidosis diagnosis may be prudent among patients with heart failure, atrioventricular block, or ventricular tachycardia.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.120.017692","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,18]],"date-time":"2021-02-18T13:09:31Z","timestamp":1613653771000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Heart Failure, Atrioventricular Block, and Ventricular Tachycardia in Sarcoidosis"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"David G.","family":"Rosenthal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Electrophysiology Section University of California, San Francisco CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina D.","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Electrophysiology Section University of California, San Francisco CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher A.","family":"Groh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Electrophysiology Section University of California, San Francisco CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory","family":"Nah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Electrophysiology Section University of California, San Francisco CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Vittinghoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of California, San Francisco CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6069-7135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas A.","family":"Dewland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Electrophysiology Section University of California, San Francisco CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1032-700X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasanth","family":"Vedantham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Electrophysiology Section University of California, San Francisco CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5197-7696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregory M.","family":"Marcus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Electrophysiology Section University of California, San Francisco CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.011522"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.12401"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pace.12277"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201010-1679OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","first-page":"2663","article-title":"Cardiac manifestations of sarcoidosis: diagnosis and management","volume":"38","author":"Birnie DH","year":"2017","unstructured":"Birnie DH, Kandolin R, Nery PB, Kupari M. 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