{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:28:41Z","timestamp":1791419321556,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Experimental and observational studies have suggested a link between vitamin D and cardiovascular and metabolic disease, but this has not been confirmed in randomized controlled trials. We sought to determine whether vitamin D supplementation reduces biomarkers of insulin resistance, inflammation, neurohormonal activation, and lipids.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              This was a prespecified, secondary analysis of the DAYLIGHT (Vitamin D Therapy in Individuals at High Risk of Hypertension) randomized controlled trial. We measured circulating homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, hs\u2010CRP (high\u2010sensitivity C\u2010reactive protein), N\u2010terminal pro\u2010B\u2010type natriuretic peptide, renin, aldosterone, and lipids at baseline and at 6\u00a0months in 289 individuals with low vitamin D status (25\u2010hydroxyvitamin\u2010D [25\u2010OH\u2010D] \u226425\u00a0ng\/mL) receiving low\u2010dose (400\u00a0IU\/d) versus high\u2010dose (4000\u00a0IU\/d) vitamin D3 for 6\u00a0months. A meta\u2010analysis of randomized controlled trials reporting biomarker changes after vitamin D supplementation was then performed. Levels of 25\u2010OH\u2010D increased in the high\u2010dose relative to the low\u2010dose vitamin D group (+15.5 versus +4.6\u00a0ng\/mL,\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.001). Changes in biomarkers of glycemia, inflammation, and neurohormonal activation did not differ by dose. Lipids did not differ between groups, other than triglycerides, which increased in the high\u2010dose compared with the low\u2010dose group (+11.3 versus \u22126.2\u00a0mg\/dL,\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.001). The meta\u2010analysis showed potential modest decreases in homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance and hs\u2010CRP, but no changes in low\u2010density lipoprotein, after vitamin D supplementation compared with control groups.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">In the DAYLIGHT randomized controlled trial, high\u2010dose vitamin D supplementation did not improve biomarkers of glycemia, inflammation, neurohormonal activation, or lipids.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Registration<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              URL:\n              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov\">https:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n              ; Unique identifier: NCT01240512.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.120.017727","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,7]],"date-time":"2021-05-07T09:17:27Z","timestamp":1620379047000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Cardiovascular and Glycemic Biomarkers"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9879-5678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer","family":"Miao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6682-4630","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine N.","family":"Bachmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterans Health AdministrationTennessee Valley Healthcare System Nashville TN"},{"name":"Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism Department of Medicine Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN"},{"name":"Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Nashville TN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shi","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Nashville TN"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan Ru","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Department of Medicine Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffery","family":"Dusek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Community Health Case Western University Medical Center Cleveland OH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3001-9111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher","family":"Newton\u2010Cheh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Massachusetts General Hospital\/Harvard Medical School Boston MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2420-3550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pankaj","family":"Arora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Disease University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL"},{"name":"Section of Cardiology Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center Birmingham AL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4063-6508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas J.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2013.12.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/243934"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-med-051214-025146"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g2035"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.673491"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1809944"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2017.0175"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.011732"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","volume-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2016","unstructured":"R Core Team . R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2016. Available at: https:\/\/www.R\u2010project.org\/. Accessed March 02, 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2009.28579"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-112346"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","first-page":"1651","article-title":"The effects of vitamin d supplementation on glucose control and insulin resistance in patients with diabetes type 2: a randomized clinical trial study","volume":"43","author":"Yousefi Rad E","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yousefi Rad E, Djalali M, Koohdani F, Saboor\u2010Yaraghi AA, Eshraghian MR, Javanbakht MH, Saboori S, Zarei M, Hosseinzadeh\u2010Attar MJ. The effects of vitamin d supplementation on glucose control and insulin resistance in patients with diabetes type 2: a randomized clinical trial study. Iran J Public Health. 2014;43:1651\u20131656.","journal-title":"Iran J Public Health"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2017.06.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-107242"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12672-017-0290-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3904\/kjim.2014.29.5.620"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.115.218883"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2014.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-018-0413-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.112.254110"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1479164115621667"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2014.02.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc14-0218"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-009-0020-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2008.27004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9121280"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2016.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09513590.2017.1418311"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-017-1085-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-15264-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2018.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2891-12-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.12273"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.111.011684"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2008.02636.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","first-page":"54","article-title":"Supplementation with calcium + vitamin D enhances the beneficial effect of weight loss on plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations","volume":"85","author":"Major GC","year":"2007","unstructured":"Major GC, Alarie F, Dore J, Phouttama S, Tremblay A. Supplementation with calcium + vitamin D enhances the beneficial effect of weight loss on plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007;85:54\u201359. DOI: 10.1093\/ajcn\/85.1.54.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2012.01605.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114512000098"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2013.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2012.07.032"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.073734"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","first-page":"280","article-title":"Effect of long term vitamin D supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation in Latino and African\u2010American subjects with pre\u2010diabetes and hypovitaminosis D","volume":"47","author":"Sinha\u2010Hikim I","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sinha\u2010Hikim I, Duran P, Shen R, Lee M, Friedman TC, Davidson MB. Effect of long term vitamin D supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation in Latino and African\u2010American subjects with pre\u2010diabetes and hypovitaminosis D. Horm Metab Res. 2015;47:280\u2013283. DOI: 10.1055\/s\u20100034\u20101383652.","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12650"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/918968"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutres.2016.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","first-page":"1672","article-title":"Cholecalciferol treatment to reduce blood pressure in older patients with isolated systolic hypertension: the VitDISH randomized controlled trial","volume":"173","author":"Witham MD","year":"2013","unstructured":"Witham MD, Price RJ, Struthers AD, Donnan PT, Messow CM, Ford I, McMurdo ME. Cholecalciferol treatment to reduce blood pressure in older patients with isolated systolic hypertension: the VitDISH randomized controlled trial. JAMA Intern Med. 2013;173:1672\u20131679. DOI: 10.1001\/jamainternmed.2013.9043.","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.17749"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.326.7387.469"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6250216"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-119-1-84"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-120-4-1490"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-0298"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.12.2813"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.050013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2012.03672.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep16142"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.117.152736"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.115.111682"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-1829"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqy078"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI0215219"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_2","first-page":"H1751","article-title":"1,25\u2010dihydroxyvitamin D3 regulation of cardiac myocyte proliferation and hypertrophy","volume":"272","author":"O'Connell TD","year":"1997","unstructured":"O'Connell TD, Berry JE, Jarvis AK, Somerman MJ, Simpson RU. 1,25\u2010dihydroxyvitamin D3 regulation of cardiac myocyte proliferation and hypertrophy. Am J Physiol. 1997;272:H1751\u2013H1758. DOI: 10.1152\/ajpheart.1997.272.4.H1751.","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M705495200"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.109.856070"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118582"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.148619"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1470320310391922"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-012-0262-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfr032"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000001220"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-015-1106-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jch.12825"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2369-15-50"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2012.09.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.22473"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1992.00400240061010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archfami.9.1.31"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/135.7.1678"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.386912"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_82_2","first-page":"244","article-title":"Vitamin D in inflammatory diseases","volume":"5","author":"Wobke TK","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wobke TK, Sorg BL, Steinhilber D. Vitamin D in inflammatory diseases. Front Physiol. 2014;5:244. DOI: 10.3389\/fphys.2014.00244.","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.52.7.1799"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.53.3.693"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.286.3.327"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/83.4.754"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60588-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12793"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Heart Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/JAHA.120.017727","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T11:04:42Z","timestamp":1715598282000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/JAHA.120.017727"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,18]]},"references-count":87,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,18]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/JAHA.120.017727"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/jaha.120.017727","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-9980"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-9980","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-08-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-02-15","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-05-07","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e017727"}}