{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T10:28:12Z","timestamp":1780568892176,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Circulating endothelial cells (CECs) reflect early changes in endothelial health; however, the degree to which CEC number and activation is related to adiposity and cardiovascular risk factors in youth is not well described.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Youth in this study (N=271; aged 8\u201320 years) were classified into normal weight (body mass index [BMI] percentage &lt;85th; n=114), obesity (BMI percentage \u226595th to &lt;120% of the 95th; n=63), and severe obesity (BMI percentage \u2265120% of the 95th; n=94) catagories. CEC enumeration was determined using immunohistochemical examination of buffy coat smears and activated CEC (percentage of vascular cell adhesion molecule\u20101 expression) was assessed using immunofluorescent staining. Cardiovascular risk factors included measures of body composition, blood pressure, glucose, insulin, lipid profile, C\u2010reactive protein, leptin, adiponectin, oxidized low\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol, carotid artery intima\u2013media thickness, and pulse wave velocity. Linear regression models examined associations between CEC number and activation with BMI and cardiovascular risk factors. CEC number did not differ among BMI classes (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &gt;0.05). Youth with severe obesity had a higher degree of CEC activation compared with normal weight youth (8.3%; 95% CI, 1.1\u201315.6 [\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.024]). Higher CEC number was associated with greater body fat percentage (0.02 per percentage; 95% CI, 0.00\u20130.03 [\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.020]) and systolic blood pressure percentile (0.01 per percentage; 95% CI, 0.00\u20130.01 [\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.035]). Higher degree of CEC activation was associated with greater visceral adipose tissue (5.7% per kg; 95% CI, 0.4\u201310.9 [\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.034]) and non\u2013high\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol (0.11% per mg\/dL; 95% CI, 0.01\u20130.21 [\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.039]).\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Methods of CEC quantification are associated with adiposity and cardiometabolic risk factors and may potentially reflect accelerated atherosclerosis as early as childhood.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.120.018092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,29]],"date-time":"2020-12-29T12:16:38Z","timestamp":1609244198000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Relationship of Circulating Endothelial Cells With Obesity and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children and Adolescents"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7202-9262","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erica G.","family":"Soltero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Children\u2019s Nutrition Research CenterBaylor College of Medicine Houston TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna N.","family":"Solovey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vascular Biology Center Division of Hematology Oncology &amp; Transplantation University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0660-7933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert P.","family":"Hebbel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vascular Biology Center Division of Hematology Oncology &amp; Transplantation University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis MN"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elise F.","family":"Palzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biostatistics School of Public Health University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7506-9497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justin R.","family":"Ryder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Pediatric Obesity Medicine University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis MN"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel Q.","family":"Shaibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Arizona State University Phoenix AZ"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Phoenix Children\u2019s Hospital Phoenix AZ"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Micah","family":"Olson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Arizona State University Phoenix AZ"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Phoenix Children\u2019s Hospital Phoenix AZ"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia K.","family":"Fox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Pediatric Obesity Medicine University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis MN"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyle D.","family":"Rudser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biostatistics School of Public Health University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN"},{"name":"Center for Pediatric Obesity Medicine University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald R.","family":"Dengel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Pediatric Obesity Medicine University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis MN"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis MN"},{"name":"School of Kinesiology University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5616-5857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas G.","family":"Evanoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Pediatric Obesity Medicine University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis MN"},{"name":"School of Kinesiology University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron S.","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Pediatric Obesity Medicine University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis MN"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2017-3459"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.103.6.1175"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000161837.23846.57"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.08.1037"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1503840"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hc4601.099486"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-005-1642-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","first-page":"33","article-title":"Clinical aspects of assessment of endothelial function","volume":"58","author":"Kasprzak JD","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kasprzak JD, K\u0142osi\u0144ska M, Drozdz J. 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