{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T13:45:57Z","timestamp":1784209557252,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\"><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">The natural history of autonomic alterations following catheter ablation of drug\u2010refractory paroxysmal atrial fibrillation is poorly defined, largely because of the historical reliance on non\u2010invasive intermittent rhythm monitoring for outcome ascertainment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\"><jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title><jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">The study included 346 patients with drug\u2010refractory paroxysmal atrial fibrillation undergoing pulmonary vein isolation using contemporary advanced\u2010generation ablation technologies. All patients underwent insertion of a Reveal LINQ (Medtronic) implantable cardiac monitor before ablation. The implantable cardiac monitor continuously recorded physical activity, heart rate variability (measured as the SD of the average normal\u2010to\u2010normal), daytime heart rate, and nighttime heart rate. Longitudinal autonomic data in the 2\u2010month period leading up to the date of ablation were compared with the period from 91 to 365\u00a0days following ablation. Following ablation there was a significant decrease in SD of the average normal\u2010to\u2010normal (mean difference versus baseline of 19.3\u00a0ms; range, 12.9\u201325.7;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.0001), and significant increases in daytime and nighttime heart rates (mean difference versus baseline of 9.6\u00a0bpm; range, 7.4\u201311.8;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.0001, and 7.4\u00a0bpm; range, 5.4\u20139.3;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.0001, respectively). Patients free of arrhythmia recurrence had significantly faster daytime (11\u00b111 versus 8\u00b112\u00a0bpm,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.001) and nighttime heart rates (8\u00b19 versus 6\u00b18\u00a0bpm,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.049), but no difference in SD of the average normal\u2010to\u2010normal (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.09) compared with those with atrial fibrillation recurrence. Ablation technology and cryoablation duration did not influence these autonomic nervous system effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Pulmonary vein isolation results in significant sustained changes in the heart rate parameters related to autonomic function. These changes are correlated with procedural outcome and are independent of the ablation technology used.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\"><jats:title>Registration<\/jats:title><jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">URL:<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov\">https:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>; Unique identifier: NCT01913522.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.120.018610","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]],"date-time":"2021-02-26T10:06:16Z","timestamp":1614333976000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Autonomic Alterations After Pulmonary Vein Isolation in the CIRCA\u2010DOSE (Cryoballoon vs Irrigated Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation) Study"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Lisa Y. 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