{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:39:00Z","timestamp":1792805940592,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is associated with metabolically driven chronic inflammation called metaflammation, which contributes to vascular function and the pathogenesis of vascular disease. The saphenous vein (SV) is commonly used as an essential conduit in coronary artery bypass grafting, but the long\u2010term patency of SV grafts is a crucial issue. The use of the novel \u201cno\u2010touch\u201d technique of SV harvesting together with its surrounding tissue has been reported to result in good long\u2011term graft patency of SV grafts. Herein, we investigated whether PVAT surrounding the SV (SV\u2010PVAT) has distinct phenotypes compared with other PVATs of vessels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Fat pads were sampled from 48 patients (male\/female, 32\/16; age, 72\u00b18\u00a0years) with coronary artery disease who underwent elective coronary artery bypass grafting. Adipocyte size in SV\u2010PVAT was significantly larger than the sizes in PVATs surrounding the internal thoracic artery, coronary artery, and aorta. SV\u2010PVAT and PVAT surrounding the internal thoracic artery had smaller extents of fibrosis, decreased gene expression levels of fibrosis\u2010related markers, and less metaflammation, as indicated by a significantly smaller extent of cluster of differentiation 11c\u2013positive M1 macrophage infiltration, higher gene expression level of adiponectin, and lower gene expression levels of inflammatory cytokines, than did PVATs surrounding the coronary artery and aorta. Expression patterns of adipocyte developmental and pattern\u2010forming genes were totally different among the PVATs of the vessels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">The phenotype of SV\u2010PVAT, which may result from inherent differences in adipocytes, is closer to that of PVAT surrounding the internal thoracic artery than that of PVAT surrounding the coronary artery or that of PVAT surrounding the aorta. SV\u2010PVAT has less metaflammation and consecutive adipose tissue remodeling, which may contribute to high long\u2010term patency of grafting when the no\u2010touch technique of SV harvesting is used.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.120.018905","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,28]],"date-time":"2021-03-28T05:03:06Z","timestamp":1616907786000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Antiatherosclerotic Phenotype of Perivascular Adipose Tissue Surrounding the Saphenous Vein in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4948-4005","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takuma","family":"Mikami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo 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