{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T01:36:25Z","timestamp":1791941785219,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Noninvasive cardiac radioablation is employed to treat ventricular arrhythmia. However, myocardial changes leading to early\u2010period antiarrhythmic effects induced by high\u2010dose irradiation are unknown. This study investigated dose\u2010responsive histologic, ultrastructural, and functional changes within 1\u00a0month after irradiation in rat heart.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Whole hearts of wild\u2010type Lewis rats (N=95) were irradiated with single fraction 20, 25, 30, 40, or 50\u00a0Gy and explanted at 1\u00a0day or 1, 2, 3, or 4\u00a0weeks\u2019 postirradiation. Microscopic pathologic changes of cardiac structures by light microscope with immunohistopathologic staining, ultrastructure by electron microscopy, and functional evaluation by ECG and echocardiography were studied. Despite high\u2010dose irradiation, no myocardial necrosis and apoptosis were observed. Intercalated discs were widened and disrupted, forming uneven and twisted junctions between adjacent myocytes. Diffuse vacuolization peaked at 3\u00a0weeks, suggesting irradiation dose\u2010responsiveness, which was correlated with interstitial and intracellular edema. CD68 immunostaining accompanying vacuolization suggested mononuclear cell infiltration. These changes were prominent in working myocardium but not cardiac conduction tissue. Intracardiac conduction represented by PR and QTc intervals on ECG was delayed compared with baseline measurements. ST segment was initially depressed and gradually elevated. Ventricular chamber dimensions and function remained intact without pericardial effusion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Mononuclear cell\u2013related intracellular and extracellular edema with diffuse vacuolization and intercalated disc widening were observed within 1\u00a0month after high\u2010dose irradiation. ECG indicated intracardiac conduction delay with prominent ST\u2010segment changes. These observations suggest that early antiarrhythmic effects after cardiac radioablation result from conduction disturbances and membrane potential alterations without necrosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.120.019072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,4]],"date-time":"2021-03-04T05:16:17Z","timestamp":1614834977000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Early Changes in Rat Heart After High\u2010Dose Irradiation: Implications for Antiarrhythmic Effects of Cardiac Radioablation"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6180-0157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Myung\u2010Jin","family":"Cha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0242-1805","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeong\u2010Wook","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pathology Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hak Jae","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea"},{"name":"Cancer Research InstituteSeoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moo\u2010kang","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hye\u2010sun","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seong Won","family":"Jo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2504-9615","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seil","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5921-5522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ji Hyun","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prro.2018.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1613773"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.4901414"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-41314-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euz133"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2018.04.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/101.2.429"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","first-page":"244","article-title":"Pathogenesis of radiation\u2010induced myocardial fibrosis","volume":"29","author":"Fajardo LF","year":"1973","unstructured":"Fajardo LF, Stewart JR. 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