{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T14:54:22Z","timestamp":1789570462513,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">The age\u2010related decline in testosterone levels is thought to be of great importance for male aging and cardiovascular diseases. However, data are controversial on whether abnormal sex hormones are linked to the presence of cardiovascular diseases and it is also uncertain how blood pressure modifies the association between testosterone levels and major cardiovascular diseases.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">This is a multicenter, population\u2010based, cross\u2010sectional study of 6296 men conducted between 2013 and 2016. Basic information and clinical symptoms were obtained by questionnaires. Blood pressure and plasma levels of total testosterone, sex hormone\u2013binding globulin, luteinizing hormone, and free testosterone were determined in men in a multistage random, cluster sampling in 6 provinces of China. There were 5786 Chinese men (mean [SD] age 55.0 [10.1] years) included after exclusion criteria were applied; 37.2% (2150) of them were diagnosed with hypertension. Total testosterone, free testosterone, and sex hormone\u2013binding globulin were inversely associated with the prevalence of hypertension. Age &gt;65\u00a0years or body mass index \u226524 negatively impacted the inverse correlation between testosterone levels and hypertension, whereas smoking and family history of hypertension strengthened the correlation. In participants with grade 2 hypertension, total testosterone was positively associated with the presence of stroke, and luteinizing hormone was also positively correlated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Lower total testosterone could be a promising risk marker for prevalent hypertension. Both low and high levels of testosterone are associated with greater cardiovascular risk. Primary hypogonadism may be a risk marker for major cardiovascular diseases in men with severe hypertension.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.120.019559","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,19]],"date-time":"2021-03-19T10:18:00Z","timestamp":1616149080000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Association of Serum Testosterone and Luteinizing Hormone With Blood Pressure and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Middle\u2010Aged and Elderly Men"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4724-7444","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mengyuan","family":"Qu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reproductive Health\/Center of Reproductive Medicine Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenzhao","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medicine Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaotong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reproductive Health\/Center of Reproductive Medicine Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiqun","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Institute for Family Planning Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuejun","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jinling Hospital School of Medicine Nanjing University Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanzhong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public health Zunyi Medical University Zunyi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengliang","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wuhan Tongji Reproductive Medicine Hospital Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6666-8527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Honggang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reproductive Health\/Center of Reproductive Medicine Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"},{"name":"Wuhan Tongji Reproductive Medicine Hospital Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2018.14"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.115.305755"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2016.27"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2017.189"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00021.2015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2018-00020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2017.07.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/000456306775141803"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.2.7219"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.2.8201"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-07-0893"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000000138"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00864.2007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.111.187880"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2042-6410-3-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-12-0455"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-198804000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2018.06.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-0054"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12876"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4530(03)00023-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.84.10.6079"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.15026"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","first-page":"I13","article-title":"The National Survey of Stroke. 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