{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T19:30:30Z","timestamp":1791487830008,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Comprehensive hemodynamic impairment mapping using blood oxygenation\u2010level dependent (BOLD) cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) can be used to identify hemodynamically relevant symptomatic unilateral carotid artery disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n                      This prospective cohort study was conducted between February 2015 and July 2020 at the Clinical Neuroscience Center of the University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. One hundred two patients with newly diagnosed symptomatic unilateral internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion or with 70% to 99% ICA stenosis were included. An age\u2010matched healthy cohort of 12 subjects underwent an identical BOLD functional magnetic resonance imaging examination. Using BOLD functional magnetic resonance imaging with a standardized CO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      stimulus, CVR impairment was evaluated. Moreover, embolic versus hemodynamic ischemic patterns were evaluated on diffusion\u2010weighted imaging. Sixty\u2010seven patients had unilateral ICA occlusion and 35 patients unilateral 70% to 99% ICA stenosis. Patients with ICA occlusion exhibited lower whole\u2010brain and ipsilateral hemisphere mean BOLD\u2010CVR values as compared with healthy subjects (0.12\u00b10.08 versus 0.19\u00b10.04,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.004 and 0.09\u00b10.09 versus 0.18\u00b10.04,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001) and ICA stenosis cohort (0.12\u00b10.08 versus 0.16\u00b10.05,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.01 and 0.09\u00b10.09 versus 0.15\u00b10.05,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.01); however, only 40 (58%) patients of the cohort showed significant BOLD\u2010CVR impairment. Conversely, there was no difference in mean BOLD\u2010CVR values between healthy patients and patients with ICA stenosis, although 5 (14%) patients with ICA stenosis showed a significant BOLD\u2010CVR impairment. No significant BOLD\u2010CVR difference was discernible between patients with hemodynamic ischemic infarcts versus those with embolic infarct distribution (0.11\u00b10.08 versus 0.13\u00b10.06,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.12).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Comprehensive BOLD\u2010CVR mapping allows for identification of hemodynamically relevant symptomatic unilateral carotid artery stenosis or occlusion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.121.020792","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]],"date-time":"2021-06-09T05:07:53Z","timestamp":1623215273000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Mapping Cerebrovascular Reactivity 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