{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T03:16:07Z","timestamp":1788837367995,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Elevated plasma ceramides are independent predictors of cardiovascular disease and mortality in patients with advanced epicardial coronary artery disease. Our understanding of plasma ceramides in early epicardial coronary artery disease, however, remains limited. We examined the role of plasma ceramides in early coronary atherosclerosis characterized by coronary endothelial dysfunction.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Participants presenting with chest pain and nonobstructive epicardial coronary artery disease underwent coronary endothelial function. Patients (n=90) demonstrated abnormal coronary endothelial function with acetylcholine (\u226520% decrease in coronary artery diameter or \u226450% increase in coronary blood flow). A total of 30 controls had normal coronary endothelial function. Concentrations of plasma ceramide 18:0 (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.038), 16:0 (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.021), and 24:0 (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.019) differed between participants with normal and abnormal coronary endothelial function. Ceramide 24:0 (odds ratio [OR], 2.23 [95% CI, 1.07\u20134.66];\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.033) and 16:0 (OR, 1.91\u00d710\n              <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n              [95% CI, 11.93\u20133.07\u00d710\n              <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>\n              ];\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.018) were independently associated with coronary endothelial dysfunction. Among participants with endothelium\u2010dependent coronary dysfunction (n=78), ceramides 16:0 (OR, 5.17\u00d710\n              <jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\n              [95% CI, 2.83\u20139.44\u00d710\n              <jats:sup>10<\/jats:sup>\n              ];\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.033), 24:0 (OR, 2.98 [95% CI, 1.27\u20137.00];\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.012), and 24:1\/24:0 (OR, 4.39\u00d710\n              <jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>\n              [95% CI, 4\u00d710\n              <jats:sup>\u22127<\/jats:sup>\n              \u20130.48];\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.030) were more likely to be elevated.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">The current study demonstrated an association between increased circulating ceramide levels and coronary endothelial dysfunction in the absence of epicardial coronary artery disease. This study supports the role of plasma ceramides as a potential biomarker or a therapeutic target for early coronary atherosclerosis in humans.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.121.022852","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,18]],"date-time":"2022-03-18T09:31:45Z","timestamp":1647595905000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Plasma Ceramide Levels Are Elevated in Patients With Early Coronary Atherosclerosis and Endothelial Dysfunction"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2434-2510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadia","family":"Akhiyat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Internal Medicine Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5447-8091","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vlad","family":"Vasile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Disease Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9669-8009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Disease Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaskanwal Deep","family":"Sara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Disease Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Nardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Disease Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3271-3887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lilach O.","family":"Lerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1183-3959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Allan","family":"Jaffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Disease Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9446-5313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amir","family":"Lerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Disease Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra061889"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4244\/EIJ-D-19-00265"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht132"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2013.05.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2015.06.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht351"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mnc.2001.114148"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.101.9.948"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-6175.2004.03254.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.014954"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2007.09.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20020411"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.118.311199"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.C088377"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2019.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacbts.2017.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.570628"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.015258"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.117.007931"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2020.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.120.315530"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw148"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.09.042"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00765.2012"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_26_2","first-page":"3251","article-title":"Does coronary endothelial dysfunction cause myocardial ischemia in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease?","volume":"96","author":"Cannon RO","year":"1997","unstructured":"Cannon RO III. Does coronary endothelial dysfunction cause myocardial ischemia in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease? Circulation. 1997;96:3251\u20133254.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.120.017746"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4244\/EIJ-D-18-00982"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000072765.93106.EE"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.684448"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4062\/biomolther.2020.218"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.116.307497"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2014.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0085724"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI57144"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_36_2","first-page":"11","article-title":"Trafficking and functions of bioactive sphingolipids: lessons from cells and model membranes","volume":"8","author":"Zhou K","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhou K, Blom T. Trafficking and functions of bioactive sphingolipids: lessons from cells and model membranes. Lipid Insights. 2015;8:11\u201320. doi: 10.4137\/lpi.s31615","journal-title":"Lipid Insights"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.R800080-JLR200"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/2691934"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.115.303881"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00124.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000163631.07205.fb"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardiores.2004.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-12-0245"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-12-0724"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.114.304589"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI131838"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2015.10.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(86)90743-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.120.314796"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2020.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5603\/PJNNS.a2019.0063"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.04.052"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-2559"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Heart Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/JAHA.121.022852","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T11:29:49Z","timestamp":1715599789000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/JAHA.121.022852"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,5]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/JAHA.121.022852"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/jaha.121.022852","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-9980"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-9980","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-06-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-02-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-03-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e022852"}}