{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:55:03Z","timestamp":1787018103888,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Both ventilatory abnormalities and pulmonary hypertension (PH) are frequently observed in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. We aim to investigate the association between ventilatory abnormalities and PH in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, as well as their prognostic impacts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">A total of 440 ambulatory patients (age, 66.2\u00b115.8\u00a0years; 77% men) with left ventricular ejection fraction \u226440% who underwent comprehensive echocardiography and spirometry were enrolled. Total lung capacity, forced vital capacity, and forced expiratory volume in the first second were obtained. Pulmonary arterial systolic pressure was estimated. PH was defined as a pulmonary arterial systolic pressure of &gt;50\u00a0mm\u00a0Hg. The primary end point was all\u2010cause mortality at 5\u00a0years. Patients with PH had significantly reduced total lung capacity, forced vital capacity, and forced expiratory volume in the first second. During a median follow\u2010up of 25.9\u00a0months, there were 111 deaths. After accounting for age, sex, body mass index, renal function, smoking, left ventricular ejection fraction, and functional capacity, total lung capacity (hazard ratio [HR] per 1 SD, 0.66; 95% CI per 1 SD, 0.46\u20130.96), forced vital capacity (HR per 1 SD, 0.64; 95% CI per 1 SD, 0.48\u20130.84), and forced expiratory volume in the first second (HR per 1 SD, 0.72; 95% CI per 1 SD, 0.53\u20130.98) were all significantly correlated with mortality in patients without PH. Kaplan\u2010Meier curve demonstrated impaired pulmonary function, defined as forced expiratory volume in the first second \u226458% of predicted or forced vital capacity \u226465% of predicted, was associated with higher mortality in patients without PH (HR, 2.85; 95% CI, 1.66\u20134.89), but not in patients with PH (HR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.61\u20131.82).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Ventilatory abnormality was more prevalent in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction with PH than those without. However, such ventilatory defects were related to long\u2010term survival only in patients without PH, regardless of their functional status.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.121.023422","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,15]],"date-time":"2022-03-15T06:55:01Z","timestamp":1647327301000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Prognostic Role of Pulmonary Function in Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6256-2194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hao\u2010Chih","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital Yuanshan and Suao Branch Yilan Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei\u2010Ming","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen\u2010Chung","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Cardiovascular Research Center National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3885-6600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hao\u2010Min","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Cardiovascular Research Center National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Center for Evidence\u2010Based Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Education Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Public Health National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9066-9933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chao\u2010Yu","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Public Health National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chern\u2010En","family":"Chiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Cardiovascular Research Center National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"General Clinical Research Center Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen\u2010Huan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Cardiovascular Research Center National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Education Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9441-1836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shih\u2010Hsien","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Cardiovascular Research Center National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000659"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000194886"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.05.034"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1975.38.5.786"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","first-page":"597","article-title":"Effects of hypohydration on lung functions in humans","volume":"135","author":"Javaheri S","year":"1987","unstructured":"Javaheri S, Bosken CH, Lim SP, Dohn MN, Greene NB, Baughman RP. Effects of hypohydration on lung functions in humans. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1987;135:597\u2013599. doi: 10.1164\/arrd.1987.135.3.597","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2006.10.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0954-6111(98)90136-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","first-page":"875","article-title":"Pulmonary function test abnormalities in the elderly with systolic heart failure","volume":"65","author":"Kurzawa R","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kurzawa R, Baron T, Grodzicki T. Pulmonary function test abnormalities in the elderly with systolic heart failure. Kardiol Pol. 2007;65:875\u2013880; discussion 881\u2013882.","journal-title":"Kardiol Pol"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfq050"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4137\/CCRPM.S12525"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2013.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv512"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(00)01102-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.125.2.669"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2015.05.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0235152"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2006040368"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2014.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01032-2015"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201710-1981ST"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2019.05.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00080312"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.98.4.816"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(93)90685-T"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2013.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2009.07.072"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14017439950141740"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.417"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.183"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.115.003011"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(99)00408-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.58.5.388"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2009.126052"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201804-0663OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.03709"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2005.06.430"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv317"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2007.08.046"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201508-1555OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2466-13-69"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.110.957480"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-11-1355"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/29.2.336"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Heart Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/JAHA.121.023422","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T07:30:36Z","timestamp":1715585436000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/JAHA.121.023422"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,5]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/JAHA.121.023422"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/jaha.121.023422","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-9980"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-9980","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-07-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-02-07","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-03-15","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e023422"}}