{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T11:16:35Z","timestamp":1784546195036,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Chronic vasodilator therapy with long\u2010acting nitrate is frequently used to treat vasospastic angina. However, the clinical benefits of this approach are controversial. We investigated the prognostic impact of vasodilator therapy in patients with vasospastic angina from the multicenter, prospective VA\u2010KOREA (Vasospastic Angina in KOREA) registry.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">We analyzed data from 1895 patients with positive intracoronary ergonovine provocation test results. The patients were divided into 4 groups: no vasodilator (n=359), nonnitrate vasodilator (n=1187), conventional nitrate (n=209), and a combination of conventional nitrate and other vasodilators (n=140). The primary end point was a composite of cardiac death, acute coronary syndrome, and new\u2010onset arrhythmia at 2\u00a0years. Secondary end points were the individual components of the primary end point, all\u2010cause death, and rehospitalization due to recurrent angina.<\/jats:p>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              The groups did not differ in terms of the risk of the primary end point. However, the acute coronary syndrome risk was significantly higher in the conventional nitrate (hazard ratio [HR], 2.49; 95% CI, 1.01\u20136.14;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.047) and combination groups (HR, 3.34; 95% CI, 1.15\u20139.75,\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.027) compared with the no\u2010vasodilator group, as assessed using the inverse probability of treatment weights. Subgroup analyses revealed prominent adverse effects of nitrate in patients with an intermediate positive ergonovine provocation test result and in those with low Japanese Coronary Spasm Association scores.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Long\u2010acting nitrate\u2010based chronic vasodilator therapy was associated with an increased 2\u2010year risk of acute coronary syndrome in patients with vasospastic angina, especially in low\u2010risk patients.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.121.023776","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]],"date-time":"2022-03-29T09:18:52Z","timestamp":1648545532000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Prognostic Impact of Chronic Vasodilator Therapy in Patients With Vasospastic Angina"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2405-1676","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongwhan","family":"Lim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Chonnam National University School of MedicineChonnam National University Hospital Gwangju South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min Chul","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Chonnam National University School of MedicineChonnam National University Hospital Gwangju South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2022-9366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Youngkeun","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Chonnam National University School of MedicineChonnam National University Hospital Gwangju South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0377-6352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyung Hoon","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Chonnam National University School of MedicineChonnam National University Hospital Gwangju South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4162-7902","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Doo Sun","family":"Sim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Chonnam National University School of MedicineChonnam National University Hospital Gwangju South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young Joon","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Chonnam National University School of MedicineChonnam National University Hospital Gwangju South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ju Han","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Chonnam National University School of MedicineChonnam National University Hospital Gwangju South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7319-8562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Myung Ho","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Chonnam National University School of MedicineChonnam National University Hospital Gwangju South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7065-3432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sang Hong","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Seoul St. Mary\u2019s Hospital Seoul South 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