{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T21:14:57Z","timestamp":1774473297470,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Postischemic cerebral hypoperfusion has been indicated as an important contributing factor to secondary cerebral injury after cardiac arrest. We evaluated the effects of sodium nitroprusside administered via a subdural intracranial catheter on the microcirculation, oxygenation, and electrocortical activity of the cerebral cortex in the early postresuscitation period using a pig model of cardiac arrest.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Twenty\u2010nine pigs were resuscitated with closed cardiopulmonary resuscitation after 14\u00a0minutes of untreated ventricular fibrillation. Thirty minutes after restoration of spontaneous circulation, 24 pigs randomly received either 4\u00a0mg of sodium nitroprusside (IT\u2010SNP group) or saline placebo (IT\u2010saline group) via subdural intracranial catheters and were observed for 5\u00a0hours. The same dose of sodium nitroprusside was administered intravenously in another 5 pigs. Compared with the IT\u2010saline group, the IT\u2010SNP group had larger areas under the curve for tissue oxygen tension and percent changes of arteriole diameter and number of perfused microvessels from baseline (all\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.05) monitored on the cerebral cortex during the 5\u2010hour period, without severe hemodynamic instability. This group also showed faster recovery of electrocortical activity measured using amplitude\u2010integrated electroencephalography. Repeated\u2010measures analysis of variance revealed significant group\u2013time interactions for these parameters. Intravenously administered sodium nitroprusside caused profound hypotension but did not appear to increase the cerebral parameters.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Sodium nitroprusside administered via a subdural intracranial catheter increased post\u2013restoration of spontaneous circulation cerebral cortical microcirculation and oxygenation and hastened electrocortical activity recovery in a pig model of cardiac arrest. Further studies are required to determine its impact on the long\u2010term neurologic outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.122.025400","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,28]],"date-time":"2022-05-28T02:23:24Z","timestamp":1653704604000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Effects of Sodium Nitroprusside Administered Via a Subdural Intracranial Catheter on the Microcirculation, Oxygenation, and Electrocortical Activity of the Cerebral Cortex in a Pig Cardiac Arrest Model"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Hyoung Youn","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Trauma Center Chonnam National University Hospital Gwangju Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong Hun","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine Chonnam National University Hospital Gwangju Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine Chonnam National University Medical School Gwangju Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Najmiddin","family":"Mamadjonov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Science Chonnam National University Graduate School Gwangju Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3478-6967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyung Woon","family":"Jeung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine Chonnam National University Hospital Gwangju Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine Chonnam National University Medical School Gwangju Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min Chul","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine Chonnam National University Hospital Gwangju Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyung Seob","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Futuristic Animal Resource &amp; Research Center Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Ochang Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8229-7068","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chang\u2010Yeop","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Primate Research CenterKorea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Ochang Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5387-3441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Youngjeon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Primate Research CenterKorea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Ochang Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyung Joong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Science Research InstituteKyung Hee University Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-013-3043-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2015.07.026"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15441\/ceem.20.035"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa012689"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa003289"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1906661"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-3019(97)00355-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","first-page":"299","article-title":"Brain tissue PO2: correlation with cerebral blood flow","volume":"81","author":"Valadka AB","year":"2002","unstructured":"Valadka AB, Hlatky R, Furuya Y, Robertson CS. Brain tissue PO2: correlation with cerebral blood flow. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2002;81:299\u2013301.","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(95)00153-S"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.22.7.889"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2014.03.314"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-9572(92)90171-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2008.112"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-200111000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0092417"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1991.00530180081021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01709335"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-198410000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1983.4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-198504000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1986.124"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-198904000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199105023241801"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2007.03.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2009.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.30.7.1409"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18115896"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0245931"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10557-020-07026-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15441\/ceem.18.036"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.38.2.238"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc6118"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)11393-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc3809"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-014-3369-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","first-page":"868","article-title":"Brain oxygen tension in severe head injury","volume":"46","author":"van den Brink WA","year":"2000","unstructured":"van den Brink WA, van Santbrink H, Steyerberg EW, Avezaat CJ, Suazo JA, Hogesteeger C, Jansen WJ, Kloos LM, Vermeulen J, Maas AI. Brain oxygen tension in severe head injury. Neurosurgery. 2000;46:868\u2013876.","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199809000-00029"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181a009f8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000002619"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000004138"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31825333b2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000280427.76175.D2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00313114"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1976.00500020019004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.7.1.25"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2015.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2015.117"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aas.12482"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.11.6.601"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","first-page":"315","article-title":"Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) hypotension: intracranial pressure (ICP) and hemodynamics in pial arteriole in the rat","volume":"6","author":"Lu GP","year":"1990","unstructured":"Lu GP, Kaul DK, Feldman SM, Orkin LR, Baez S. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) hypotension: intracranial pressure (ICP) and hemodynamics in pial arteriole in the rat. Mircrocirc Endothelium Lymphatics. 1990;6:315\u2013341.","journal-title":"Mircrocirc Endothelium Lymphatics"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1987.42"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2012.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.853267"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2019.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.24326"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.24.10.1590"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.23.1.45"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2013.220"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199810000-00020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003643-200307000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3182800d58"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199403000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00303.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1991.75.1.0103"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2021.109107"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-017-1766-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_68_2","first-page":"55","article-title":"The natural course of lesion development in brain ischemia","volume":"89","author":"Back T","year":"2004","unstructured":"Back T, Sch\u00fcler OG. The natural course of lesion development in brain ischemia. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2004;89:55\u201361.","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199611000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.91156.2008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0000000000000914"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2010.07.005"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Heart Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/JAHA.122.025400","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T11:52:21Z","timestamp":1715601141000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/JAHA.122.025400"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,7]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/JAHA.122.025400"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/jaha.122.025400","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-9980"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-9980","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-01-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-04-06","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-05-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e025400"}}