{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T06:19:50Z","timestamp":1789885190868,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"14","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec sec-type=\"background\" xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a common but under\u2010recognized cause of secondary hypertension. Data directly comparing screening rates across single and overlapping indications are lacking.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">We conducted a retrospective review of adults with hypertension seen in outpatient clinics at a tertiary referral academic center between January 1, 2017, and June 30, 2020. We included patients with hypertension plus at least one of the following: resistant hypertension; age&lt;35\u2009years; obstructive sleep apnea; hypokalemia; or an adrenal mass. We excluded patients with adrenal insufficiency, severe renal disease, or heart failure, and renovascular hypertension. Of 203\u2009535 patients with hypertension, 86044 (42.3%) met at least 1 PA screening criterion, and of these, 2898 (3.4%) were screened for PA. Screening occurred in 2.7% of patients with resistant hypertension; 4.2% of those with obstructive sleep apnea; 5.1% of those &lt;35\u2009years; 10.0% of those with hypokalemia; and 47.3% of patients with an adrenal mass. Screening rates were higher in patients with multiple risk factors: 16.8% for \u22653, 5.7% for 2, and 2.5% for 1 criterion. Multiple logistic regression showed that the odds of PA screening were higher in patients with hypokalemia: odds ratio (95% CI): 3.0 (2.7\u20133.3); women: 1.3 (1.2\u20131.4); Black versus White: 1.5 (1.4\u20131.7); those with obstructive sleep apnea, chronic renal disease, stroke, and dyslipidemia.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Consideration for PA is given in a small subset of at\u2010risk patients, and typically after comorbidities have developed.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.122.025952","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,8]],"date-time":"2022-07-08T11:24:24Z","timestamp":1657279464000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Primary Aldosteronism Screening Rates Differ with Sex, Race, and Comorbidities"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9831-6190","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adina F.","family":"Turcu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Winnie","family":"Nhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seda","family":"Grigoryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4603-7058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caitlin","family":"Urban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michigan State University College of Human Medicine East Lansing MI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiping","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lynn","family":"Holevinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan Medical School, Data Office for Clinical and Translational Research Ann Arbor MI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000002510"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-4061"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-1472"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M20-0065"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(17)30319-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000002216"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2013.110"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000129307.26791.8E"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000052542.68896.2B"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.112.974576"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e32833d0177"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-2805"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(17)30367-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2018.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-20-0863"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYP.0000000000000065"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht151"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2018.05.085"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M20-4873"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.14359"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000001088"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa606"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.18118"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.EJ11-0133"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2018.02.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jhh.2015.122"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.12191"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000001494"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.13833"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.27878"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.110.154427"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jhh.2009.96"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10641963.2015.1131290"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8101671"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.16902"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.115.002002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","unstructured":"Association AM . Physician specialty data report. 2019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.11568"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.16909"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.646933"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.10596"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000230444.01215.6a"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.13463"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.17444"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa482"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.11064"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000040261.30455.B6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAJ.0000000000000308"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-21-0031"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Utilization of ambulatory medical care by women: United States, 1997\u20131998","volume":"13","author":"Brett KM","year":"2001","unstructured":"Brett KM, Burt CW. Utilization of ambulatory medical care by women: United States, 1997\u20131998. Vital Health Stat. 2001;13:1\u201346.","journal-title":"Vital Health Stat"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Heart Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/JAHA.122.025952","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T11:35:32Z","timestamp":1715600132000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/JAHA.122.025952"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,19]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"14","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,19]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/JAHA.122.025952"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/jaha.122.025952","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-9980"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-9980","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-03-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-05-12","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-07-08","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e025952"}}