{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T02:46:46Z","timestamp":1790909206985,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"19","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec sec-type=\"background\" xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Poor cardiovascular health during pregnancy has been associated with adverse neurocognitive outcomes in the offspring. We examined the associations of maternal cardiovascular health factors with brain structure in 10\u2010year\u2010old children.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              We included 2797 mother\u2013offspring pairs from the Generation R Study. Maternal body mass index, gestational weight gain, blood pressure, insulin, glucose, and lipid blood concentrations were obtained in early pregnancy. Childhood structural brain measures, including global metrics of brain tissue volumes and white matter microstructure, were quantified by magnetic resonance imaging at 10\u2009years. As compared with offspring of mothers with normal weight, those of mothers with underweight had smaller total brain volume (difference, \u221228.99 [95% CI \u221256.55 to \u22121.45] cm\n              <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n              ). Similarly, as compared with offspring of mothers with gestational weight gain between the 25th and 75th percentile, those of mothers with gestational weight loss or no gestational weight gain (&lt;25th percentile), had smaller total brain volume (difference, \u221213.07 [95% CI, \u221223.82 to \u22122.32] cm\n              <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n              ). Also, higher maternal diastolic blood pressure in early pregnancy was associated with lower offspring white matter mean diffusivity (difference, \u22120.07 [95% CI, \u22120.11 to \u22120.02] SD score). After multiple testing correction, only the association of maternal diastolic blood pressure with lower offspring white matter mean diffusivity remained statistically significant. No associations were observed of maternal insulin, glucose, and lipid concentrations with childhood brain outcomes.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Our findings suggest that maternal cardiovascular health during pregnancy might be related to offspring brain development in the long term. Future studies are needed to replicate our findings and to explore the causal nature of the associations.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.122.026133","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,4]],"date-time":"2022-10-04T11:58:02Z","timestamp":1664884682000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Maternal Cardiovascular Health in Early Pregnancy and Childhood Brain Structure"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Carolina C. V.","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Erasmus MC \u2013 Sophia Children\u2019s Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Erasmus MC \u2013 Sophia Children\u2019s Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan L.","family":"Muetzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry\/Psychology Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4658-2176","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meike W.","family":"Vernooij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1305-3825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bas B.","family":"van Rijn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent W. 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