{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T03:29:12Z","timestamp":1791602952426,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"18","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec sec-type=\"background\" xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Nicorandil was reported to improve microvascular dysfunction and reduce reperfusion injury when administered before primary percutaneous coronary intervention. In this multicenter, prospective, randomized, double\u2010blind clinical trial (CHANGE [Effects of Nicorandil Administration on Infarct Size in Patients With ST\u2010Segment\u2013Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention]), we investigated the effects of nicorandil administration on infarct size in patients with ST\u2010segment\u2013elevation myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n                      A total of 238 patients with ST\u2010segment\u2013elevation myocardial infarction were randomized to receive intravenous nicorandil (n=120) or placebo (n=118) before reperfusion. Patients in the nicorandil group received a 6\u2010mg intravenous bolus of nicorandil followed by continuous infusion at a rate of 6\u2009mg\/h. Patients in the placebo group received the same dose of placebo. The predefined primary end point was infarct size on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging performed at 5 to 7\u2009days and 6\u2009months after reperfusion. CMR imaging was performed in 201 patients (84%). Infarct size on CMR imaging at 5 to 7\u2009days after reperfusion was significantly smaller in the nicorandil group compared with the placebo (control) group (26.5\u00b117.1 g versus 32.4\u00b119.3 g;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.022), and the effect remained significant on long\u2010term CMR imaging at 6 months after reperfusion (19.5\u00b114.4\u2009g versus 25.7\u00b115.4\u2009g;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.008). The incidence of no\u2010reflow\/slow\u2010flow phenomenon during primary percutaneous coronary intervention was much lower in the nicorandil group (9.2% [11\/120] versus 26.3% [31\/118];\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.001), and thus, complete ST\u2010segment resolution was more frequently observed in the nicorandil group (90.8% [109\/120] versus 78.0% [92\/118];\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.006). Left ventricular ejection fraction on CMR imaging was significantly higher in the nicorandil group than in the placebo group at both 5 to 7\u2009days (47.0\u00b110.2% versus 43.3\u00b110.0%;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.011) and 6 months (50.1\u00b19.7% versus 46.4\u00b18.5%;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.009) after reperfusion.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">In the present trial, administration of nicorandil before primary percutaneous coronary intervention led to improved myocardial perfusion grade, increased left ventricular ejection fraction, and reduced myocardial infarct size in patients with ST\u2010segment\u2013elevation myocardial infarction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n                      URL:\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov\">http:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      . Unique identifier: NCT03445728.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.122.026232","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,8]],"date-time":"2022-09-08T06:36:58Z","timestamp":1662619018000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Effects of Nicorandil Administration on Infarct Size in Patients With ST\u2010Segment\u2013Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: The CHANGE Trial"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Geng","family":"Qian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zi\u2010Chao","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liu\u2010Quan","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu\u2010Ting","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7302-4631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiao\u2010Si","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8138-7275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"A","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology First People\u2019s Hospital of Yulin Guangxi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mu\u2010Lei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin\u2010Wen","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Hainan Hospital of PLA General Hospital Hainan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bei","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College Zunyi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2109-9295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zong\u2010Zhuang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Guizhou Provincial People\u2019s Hospital Guizhou"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan\u2010Qing","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Jiangxi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong\u2010Jun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University Hebei"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4409-9375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yun\u2010Dai","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx393"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2012.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.530329"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(98)00604-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14740338.2019.1617848"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61634-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40256-019-00368-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2017.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.05.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11909\/j.issn.1671-5411.2020.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mhj.2001.116481"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehm212"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(85)80380-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3889\/oamjms.2019.546"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00380-015-0752-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-08-0212"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2006.12.034"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.117.006774"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00380-010-0065-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S195918"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)08265-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2011.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005344-199510000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(00)01171-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/13816128113199990357"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.72.327"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.07.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2004.05.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.70.1650"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10557-013-6456-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12947-015-0020-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-09-0943"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.04.038"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.003653"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2012.421"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.12.017"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Heart Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/JAHA.122.026232","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T08:26:02Z","timestamp":1715588762000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/JAHA.122.026232"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,20]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"18","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,20]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/JAHA.122.026232"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/jaha.122.026232","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-9980"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-9980","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-03-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-07-25","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-09-08","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e026232"}}