{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T21:38:50Z","timestamp":1789162730496,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"19","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec sec-type=\"background\" xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Pharmacy fill data are a practical tool for assessing medication nonadherence. However, previous studies have not compared the accuracy of pharmacy fill data to measurement of plasma drug levels, or chemical adherence testing (CAT).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              We performed a cross\u2010sectional study in patients with uncontrolled hypertension in outpatient clinics in a safety net health system. Plasma samples were obtained for measurement of common cardiovascular drugs, including calcium channel blockers, thiazide diuretics, beta blockers, angiotensin\u2010converting enzyme inhibitors\/angiotensin receptor blockers, and statins, using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Proportion of days covered (PDC), a method for tracking pharmacy fill data, was calculated via linkages with Surescripts, and its diagnostic test characteristics were compared with CAT. Among 77 patients with uncontrolled hypertension, 13 (17%) were nonadherent to at least 1 antihypertensive drug and 23 (37%) were nonadherent to statins by CAT. PDC was significantly lower in the nonadherent versus the adherent group by CAT only among patients prescribed an angiotensin\u2010converting enzyme inhibitor\/angiotensin receptor blocker or statin (all\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.05) but not in patients prescribed other drug classes. The sensitivity and specificity of PDC in detecting nonadherence to angiotensin\u2010converting enzyme inhibitors\/angiotensin receptor blockers and statin drugs by CAT were 75% to 82% and 56% to 79%, respectively. The positive predictive value of PDC in detecting nonadherence was only 11% to 27% for antihypertensive drugs and 45% for statins.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">PDC is useful in detecting nonadherence to angiotensin\u2010converting enzyme inhibitors\/angiotensin receptor blockers and statins but has limited usefulness in detecting nonadherence to calcium channel blockers, beta blockers, or thiazide diuretics and has a low positive predictive value for all drug classes.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.122.027099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,4]],"date-time":"2022-10-04T11:58:02Z","timestamp":1664884682000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Comparison of Pharmacy Refill Data With Chemical Adherence Testing in Assessing Medication Nonadherence in a Safety Net Hospital Setting"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Osula","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Parkland Health &amp; Hospital System Dallas TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bryan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Parkland Health &amp; Hospital System Dallas TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Schesing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Parkland Health &amp; Hospital System Dallas TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8454-1925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandeep R.","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Division Parkland Health &amp; Hospital System Dallas TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Moss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UT Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Medicine Parkland Health &amp; Hospital System Dallas TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristin","family":"Alvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UT Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Medicine Parkland Health &amp; Hospital System Dallas TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UT Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Medicine Parkland Health &amp; Hospital System Dallas TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ethan A.","family":"Halm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Robert Wood Johnson Medical School New Brunswick NJ"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7109-3142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nancy J","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7531-9388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wanpen","family":"Vongpatanasin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Division Parkland Health &amp; Hospital System Dallas TX"},{"name":"Hypertension Section UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.032582"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.14545"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jash.2017.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYP.0000000000000203"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.13616"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001052"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/PPA.S245365"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2013.02.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glx169"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jash.2015.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.10.067"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.09659"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpu241"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjbinx.2020.100075"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-021-05453-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4733.2008.00400.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","first-page":"412","article-title":"A brief instrument to measure patients' overall satisfaction with primary care physicians","volume":"43","author":"Hojat M","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hojat M, Louis DZ, Maxwell K, Markham FW, Wender RC, Gonnella JS. A brief instrument to measure patients' overall satisfaction with primary care physicians. Fam Med. 2011;43:412\u2013417.","journal-title":"Fam Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.168.12.1285"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18553\/jmcp.2021.27.10.1482"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2015.07.036"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.09631"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000024654"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jch.12030"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0237383"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-039940"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Heart Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/JAHA.122.027099","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T12:24:24Z","timestamp":1715603064000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/JAHA.122.027099"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,4]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/JAHA.122.027099"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/jaha.122.027099","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-9980"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-9980","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-06-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-08-19","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-10-04","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e027099"}}