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Macrophages, neutrophils, and lymphocytes are present in the myocardium throughout the repair process and govern the duration and function of each of these phases. However, changes in the functions of these cell types across each phase are poorly characterized. Numerous immunomodulatory therapies that specifically target inflammation have been developed for promoting cardiac repair and preventing heart failure after MI. However, these treatments have been largely unsuccessful in large\u2010scale clinical randomized controlled trials. A potential explanation for this failure is the lack of a thorough understanding of the time\u2010dependent evolution of the functions of immune cells after a major cardiovascular event. Failure to account for this temporal plasticity in cell function may reduce the efficacy of immunomodulatory approaches that target cardiac repair. This review is concerned with how the functions of different immune cells change with time following an MI. Improved understanding of the temporal changes in immune cell function is important for the future development of effective and targeted treatments for preventing heart failure after MI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.122.027600","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]],"date-time":"2023-02-21T07:16:51Z","timestamp":1676963811000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Impact of Reperfusion on Temporal Immune Cell Dynamics After Myocardial Infarction"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4432-8545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard Ying Ke","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Sciences University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9615-7939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Blake 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