{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T14:23:11Z","timestamp":1784211791579,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec sec-type=\"background\" xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Lower cerebral blood flow (CBF) has previously been documented preoperatively in neonates with congenital heart disease (CHD). However, it remains unclear if these CBF deficits persist over the life span of CHD survivors following heart surgery. When exploring this question, it is critical to consider the sex differences in CBF that emerge during adolescence. Therefore, this study aimed to compare global and regional CBF between postpubertal youth with CHD and healthy peers and examine if such alterations are related to sex.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Youth aged 16 to 24\u2009years who underwent open heart surgery for complex CHD during infancy and age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched controls completed brain magnetic resonance imaging, including T1\u2010weighted and pseudo\u2010continuous arterial spin labeling acquisitions. Global gray matter CBF and regional CBF in 9 bilateral gray matter regions were quantified for each participant. Compared with female controls (N=27), female participants with CHD (N=25) presented with lower global and regional CBF. In contrast, there were no differences in CBF between male controls (N=18) and males with CHD (N=17). Concurrently, female controls had higher global and regional CBF compared with male controls, with no differences in CBF between female and male participants with CHD. CBF was lower in individuals with a Fontan circulation.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">This study provides evidence of altered CBF in postpubertal female participants with CHD despite undergoing surgical intervention during infancy. Alterations to CBF could have implications for later cognitive decline, neurodegeneration, and cerebrovascular disease in women with CHD.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.122.028378","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,11]],"date-time":"2023-06-11T02:23:30Z","timestamp":1686450210000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Sex\u2010Specific Cerebral Blood Flow Alterations in Youth Operated for Congenital Heart Disease"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Kaitlyn","family":"Easson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Advances in Brain &amp; Child Development (ABCD) Research Laboratory Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre Montreal Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Department of Neurology &amp; Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine &amp; Health Sciences McGill University Quebec Montreal Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillaume","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MR Clinical Science Philips Healthcare Mississauga Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudine","family":"Gauthier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics Concordia University Montreal Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles V.","family":"Rohlicek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics Montreal Children\u2019s Hospital Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3632-7502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christine","family":"Saint\u2010Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Radiology, Department of Medical Imaging Montreal Children\u2019s Hospital Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0641-0054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie","family":"Brossard\u2010Racine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advances in Brain &amp; Child Development (ABCD) Research Laboratory Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre Montreal Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Department of Neurology &amp; Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine &amp; Health Sciences McGill University Quebec Montreal Canada"},{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics Montreal Children\u2019s Hospital Montreal Quebec Canada"},{"name":"School of Physical &amp; Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences McGill University Quebec Montreal Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2008.10.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2003.10.084"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa067393"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2004.07.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.013051"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2019.08.045"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.021724"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.13975"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsy085"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2021.10.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.23286"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1400178111"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.116255"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.117031"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.10.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4249\/scholarpedia.6232"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(09)71151-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.25197"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.21670"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2001.0915"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.460030304"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","first-page":"21","article-title":"Four factor index of social status","volume":"8","author":"Hollingshead AB","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hollingshead AB. Four factor index of social status. Yale J Sociol. 2011;8:21\u201351.","journal-title":"Yale J Sociol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0306-3623(02)00129-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00633.2007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042192-199502010-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2021.07.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.res.68.2.338"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajh.2011.101"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2013.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2013.10.079"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2014-307311"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e31829f91da"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-19387-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/115.2.521"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2019.06.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws131"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.12.030"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2013.10.005"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Heart Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/JAHA.122.028378","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T12:45:24Z","timestamp":1715604324000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/JAHA.122.028378"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,20]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,20]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/JAHA.122.028378"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/jaha.122.028378","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-9980"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-9980","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-11-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-03-23","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-06-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e028378"}}