{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T14:43:40Z","timestamp":1785422620851,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"jah38416-sec-0001\" sec-type=\"background\" xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Fetal diagnosis of congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (ccTGA) has been increasingly reported; however, predictors of clinical outcomes remain underexplored. We undertook a multicenter, retrospective study to investigate natural history, associated anomalies, and outcomes of fetal ccTGA.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec id=\"jah38416-sec-0002\" xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Fetuses with ccTGA diagnosed from January 2004 to July 2020 within 20 North American programs were included. Fetuses with severe ventricular hypoplasia thought to definitively preclude biventricular repair were excluded. We included 205 fetuses diagnosed with ccTGA at a median gestational age of 23 (interquartile range, 21\u201327) weeks. Genetic abnormalities were found in 5.9% tested, with extracardiac anomalies in 6.3%. Associated cardiac defects were diagnosed in 161 (78.5%), with atrioventricular block in 23 (11.3%). On serial fetal echocardiogram, 39% demonstrated a functional or anatomic change, most commonly increased tricuspid regurgitation (6.7%) or pulmonary outflow obstruction (11.1%). Of 194 fetuses with follow\u2010up, 26 were terminated, 3 experienced fetal death (2 with atrioventricular block), and 165 were live\u2010born. Of 158 with postnatal data (median follow\u2010up 3.7\u2009years), 10 (6.6%) had death\/transplant before 1\u2009year. On univariable analysis, fetal factors associated with fetal death or death\/transplant by 1\u2009year included \u2265 mild tricuspid regurgitation, pulmonary atresia, aortic obstruction, fetal arrhythmia, and worsening hemodynamics on serial fetal echocardiogram (defined as worse right ventricular function, tricuspid regurgitation, or effusion).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec id=\"jah38416-sec-0003\" xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Associated cardiac lesions and arrhythmias are common in fetal ccTGA, and functional changes commonly occur through gestation. Worse outcomes are associated with fetal tricuspid regurgitation (\u2265mild), any arrhythmia, pulmonary atresia, aortic obstruction, and worsening hemodynamics on serial echocardiograms. These findings can inform prenatal counseling and perinatal management planning.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.122.029706","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T10:50:24Z","timestamp":1685616624000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries: Fetal Diagnosis, Associations, and Postnatal Outcome: A Fetal Heart Society Research Collaborative Study"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7627-3094","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer","family":"Cohen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai","place":["New York"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhawna","family":"Arya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital","place":["Seattle"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4117-597X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard","family":"Caplan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Christiana Care Health System","place":["Wilmington"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0942-5481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mary T.","family":"Donofrio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s National Hospital","place":["Washington"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dina","family":"Ferdman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale School of Medicine","place":["New Haven"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamie K.","family":"Harrington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Columbia University Medical Center","place":["New York"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5805-769X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deborah Y.","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford School of Medicine, Lucile Packard Children\u2019s Hospital","place":["Palo Alto"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Whitnee","family":"Hogan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Utah","place":["Salt Lake City"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2285-3202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa K.","family":"Hornberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alberta","place":["Edmonton, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Jhaveri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwell Health Physician Partners","place":["New Hyde Park"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stacy A. S.","family":"Killen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbuilt University Medical Center","place":["Nashville"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9173-2458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher L.","family":"Lindblade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Phoenix Children\u2019s Hospital","place":["Phoenix"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6398-2465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erik","family":"Michelfelder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory University\/Children\u2019s Healthcare of Atlanta","place":["Atlanta"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3822-693X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anita J.","family":"Moon\u2010Grady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California","place":["San Francisco"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4257-1103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheetal","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ann & Robert H Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine","place":["Chicago"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emilio","family":"Quezada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California","place":["San Francisco"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1503-7100","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christina","family":"Ronai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oregon Health & Science University","place":["Portland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6126-5112","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aura A.","family":"Sanchez Mejia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Texas Children\u2019s Hospital","place":["Houston"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David N.","family":"Schidlow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston Children\u2019s Hospital","place":["Boston"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corey","family":"Stiver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital","place":["Columbus"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Varsha","family":"Thakur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Hospital for Sick Children","place":["Toronto"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shubhika","family":"Srivastava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nemours Childrens Health System","place":["Wilmington"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a113979"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-011-0355-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(94)90391-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","first-page":"I197","article-title":"Corrected transposition and repair of associated intracardiac defects","volume":"66","author":"Westerman G","year":"1982","unstructured":"Westerman G, Lang P, Castaneda A, Norwood W. 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