{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T23:42:05Z","timestamp":1790811725680,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"17","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec sec-type=\"background\" xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">The association between psychosocial factors and atrial fibrillation (AF) is poorly understood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n                      Postmenopausal women from the Women's Health Initiative were retrospectively analyzed to identify incident AF in relation to a panel of validated psychosocial exposure variables, as assessed by multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression and hierarchical cluster analysis. Among the 83\u2009736 women included, the average age was 63.9\u00b17.0\u2009years. Over an average of 10.5\u00b16.2\u2009years follow\u2010up, there were 23\u2009954 cases of incident AF. Hierarchical cluster analysis generated 2 clusters of highly correlated psychosocial variables: the Stress Cluster included stressful life events, depressive symptoms, and insomnia, and the Strain Cluster included optimism, social support, social strain, cynical hostility, and emotional expressiveness. Incident AF was associated with higher values in the Stress Cluster (hazard ratio [HR], 1.07 per unit cluster score [95% CI, 1.05\u20131.09]) and the Strain Cluster (HR, 1.03 per unit cluster score [95% CI, 1.00\u20131.05]). Of the 8 individual psychosocial predictors that were tested, insomnia (HR, 1.04 [95% CI, 1.03\u20131.06]) and stressful life events (HR, 1.02 [95% CI, 1.01\u20131.04]) were most strongly associated with increased incidence of AF in Cox regression analysis after multivariate adjustment. Subgroup analyses showed that the Strain Cluster was more strongly associated with incident AF in those with lower traditional AF risks (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      for interaction=0.02) as determined by the cohorts for heart and aging research in genomic epidemiology for atrial fibrillation score.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Among postmenopausal women, 2 clusters of psychosocial stressors were found to be significantly associated with incident AF. Further research is needed to validate these associations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.123.030030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,30]],"date-time":"2023-08-30T05:27:02Z","timestamp":1693373222000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Association Between Insomnia, Stress Events, and Other Psychosocial Factors and Incident Atrial Fibrillation in Postmenopausal Women: Insights From the Women's Health Initiative"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5410-1056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan X.","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine Santa Clara Valley Medical Center San Jose CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hilary 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San Francisco CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valerie","family":"Hoover","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4636-8698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Salmoirago\u2010Blotcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior Brown University School of Medicine Providence RI USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Brown University School of Public Health Providence RI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aladdin H.","family":"Shadyab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science University of California, San Diego La Jolla CA 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