{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T02:18:02Z","timestamp":1792635482458,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"14","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec sec-type=\"background\" xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Metabolic dysfunction\u2013associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), defined as fatty liver with overweight\/obesity, type 2 diabetes, or metabolic abnormalities, is a newly proposed disease. However, it remains unclear whether the coexistence of MAFLD and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a more potent risk factor for ischemic heart disease (IHD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">We investigated the risk of the combination of MAFLD and CKD for development of IHD during a 10\u2010year follow\u2010up period in 28\u2009990 Japanese subjects who received annual health examinations. After exclusion of subjects without data for abdominal ultrasonography or with the presence of IHD at baseline, a total of 14\u2009141 subjects (men\/women: 9195\/4946; mean age, 48\u2009years) were recruited. During the 10\u2010year period (mean, 6.9\u2009years), 479 subjects (men\/women, 397\/82) had new onset of IHD. Kaplan\u2013Meier survival curves showed significant differences in rates of the cumulative incidence of IHD in subjects with and those without MAFLD (n=4581) and CKD (n=990; stages 1\/2\/3\/4\u20135, 198\/398\/375\/19). Multivariable Cox proportional hazard model analyses showed that coexistence of MAFLD and CKD, but not MAFLD or CKD alone, was an independent predictor for development of IHD after adjustment for age, sex, current smoking habit, family history of IHD, overweight\/obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia (hazard ratio, 1.51 [95% CI, 1.02\u20132.22]). The addition of the combination of MAFLD and CKD to traditional risk factors for IHD significantly improved the discriminatory capability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">The coexistence of MAFLD and CKD predicts new onset of IHD better than does MAFLD or CKD alone.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.123.030269","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,8]],"date-time":"2023-07-08T07:25:13Z","timestamp":1688801113000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Coexistence of Metabolic Dysfunction\u2010Associated Fatty Liver Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease Is a More Potent Risk Factor for Ischemic Heart Disease"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Daisuke","family":"Miyamori","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Nephrology Asahikawa Red Cross Hospital Asahikawa Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6575-9996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marenao","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Tanaka Medical Clinic Yoichi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7876-1772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatsuya","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular, 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