{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T14:49:30Z","timestamp":1787755770451,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"24","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec sec-type=\"background\" xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Arterial\/aortic tertiary lymphoid organs (ATLOs), characterized by germinal centers, control local arterial immune responses. T follicular helper cells (Tfh), resident in germinal centers, regulate immunoglobulin production and germinal center development. They consist of Tfh1, Tfh2, and Tfh17 subsets. T follicular regulatory (Tfr) cells possess suppressive functions as regulatory T cells and migrate into germinal centers. Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)\u2013related diseases manifest in vascular lesions as frequently formed inflammatory aneurysms (IgG4\u2010related abdominal aortic aneurysm [IgG4\u2010AAAs]). IgG4\u2010AAAs contain several ATLOs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">We performed whole\u2010slide immunohistochemical image analysis in surgical specimens of IgG4\u2010AAAs (n=21), non\u2013IgG4\u2010related inflammatory AAAs (n=17), atherosclerotic AAAs (n=10), and Takayasu arteritis (n=5). IgG4\u2010AAA was characterized by numerous, large, irregular\u2010shaped ATLOs, and higher numbers of Tfr and Tfh2 cells than Tfh1 cells were present compared with others. The morphologic abnormalities (in number, area, and form) of ATLOs in IgG4\u2010AAAs and the increased number of Tfr cells are closely related to the activity of IgG4\u2010related diseases. All T\u2010cell subsets were more enriched within ATLOs than outside ATLOs. In particular, an increase in Tfr cells in IgG4\u2010AAAs was associated with ATLO formation. Increased Tfh17 cells were found in Takayasu arteritis, and atherosclerotic AAA and non\u2013IgG4\u2010related inflammatory AAAs were characterized by increased Tfh1 cells.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">In the classification of vascular lesions, considering the imbalance in T\u2010cell subsets, IgG4\u2010AAA should be positioned as adventitial vasculitis with predominant Tfr and Tfh2 cells, accompanied by the abnormal appearance of ATLOs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.123.030356","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]],"date-time":"2023-12-08T06:04:42Z","timestamp":1702015482000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Disordered Balance of T\u2010Cell Subsets in Arterial Tertiary Lymphoid Organs in Immunoglobulin G4\u2013Related Vascular Disease"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9158-9898","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Satomi","family":"Kasashima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Graduate School of Health Science Kanazawa University Kanazawa Japan"},{"name":"Department of Pathology National Hospital Organization, Kanazawa Medical Center Kanazawa Japan"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory National Hospital Organization, Kanazawa Medical Center Kanazawa Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8935-1787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Atsuhiro","family":"Kawashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology National Hospital Organization, Kanazawa Medical Center Kanazawa Japan"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory National Hospital Organization, 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