{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,3]],"date-time":"2026-01-03T21:09:08Z","timestamp":1767474548416,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec sec-type=\"background\" xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Little is known about risks of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in both first\u2010 and second\u2010generation immigrant women in Europe and other Western countries; such knowledge may help elucidate the influence of genetic versus social factors on such risks. We aimed to study both first\u2010 and second\u2010generation immigrant women for the presence of all types of hypertension (preexisting hypertension, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and eclampsia) during pregnancy.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">A cohort study was conducted using data derived from the Swedish National Birth Register, the National Patient Register, and the Total Population Register. We used Cox regression analysis to compute hazard ratios (HRs) and 99% CIs while adjusting for sociodemographic factors and comorbidities. The first\u2010generation study included a total of 1\u2009084\u2009212 deliveries and 68\u2009311 hypertension cases, and the second\u2010generation study included 989\u2009986 deliveries and 67\u2009505 hypertension cases. The fully adjusted HR (with 99% CI) for hypertension in pregnancy among first\u2010generation immigrant women was 0.69 (0.66\u20130.72), and among second\u2010generation immigrant women, it was 0.88 (0.86\u20130.91), compared with Swedish\u2010born women with 2 Swedish\u2010born parents. Women born in Finland or with parent(s) from Finland had higher risks, with fully adjusted HRs (99% CIs) of 1.30 (1.18\u20131.43) and 1.12 (1.07\u20131.17), respectively.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Both first\u2010 and second\u2010generation immigrant women had overall lower risks of hypertension in pregnancy compared with other Swedish women. However, the risk reduction was less pronounced in second\u2010generation compared with first\u2010generation immigrant women, suggesting that environmental factors in Sweden may have an important influence on risk of hypertension during pregnancy.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.123.031125","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,17]],"date-time":"2024-02-17T04:50:17Z","timestamp":1708145417000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Hypertension in Pregnancy Among Immigrant and Swedish Women: A Cohort Study of All Pregnant Women in Sweden"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5169-2965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Per","family":"W\u00e4ndell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society Karolinska Institutet Huddinge Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2990-1166","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Casey","family":"Crump","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine and of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences The University of Texas Health Science Center Houston TX"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5559-4657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinjun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Primary Health Care Research Lund University Malm\u00f6 Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3211-1376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nouha Saleh","family":"Stattin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society Karolinska Institutet Huddinge Sweden"},{"name":"Academic Primary Health Care Centre Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6113-0472","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Axel C.","family":"Carlsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society Karolinska Institutet Huddinge Sweden"},{"name":"Academic Primary Health Care Centre Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7228-5015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Sundquist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine and of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences The University of Texas Health Science Center Houston TX"},{"name":"Center for Primary Health Care Research Lund University Malm\u00f6 Sweden"},{"name":"Center for Community\u2010Based Healthcare Research and Education, Department of Functional Pathology School of Medicine, Shimane University Matsue Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8031-279X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristina","family":"Sundquist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine and of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences The University of Texas Health Science Center Houston TX"},{"name":"Center for Primary Health Care Research Lund University Malm\u00f6 Sweden"},{"name":"Center for Community\u2010Based Healthcare Research and Education, Department of Functional Pathology School of Medicine, Shimane University Matsue Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31919-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-022-02508-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.933822"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"263","article-title":"NHBPEP report on high blood pressure in pregnancy: a summary for family physicians","volume":"64","author":"Zamorski MA","year":"2001","unstructured":"Zamorski MA, Green LA. 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