{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T20:16:53Z","timestamp":1792700213759,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec sec-type=\"background\" xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Little is known about how well trial participants with chronic kidney disease (CKD) represent real\u2010world adults with CKD. We assessed the population representativeness of clinical trials supporting the 2021 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes blood pressure (BP) guidelines in real\u2010world adults with CKD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Using a cross\u2010sectional analysis, we identified patients with CKD who met the guideline definition of hypertension based on use of antihypertensive medications or sustained systolic BP \u2265120\u2009mm\u2009Hg in 2019 in the Veterans Affairs and Kaiser Permanente of Southern California. We applied the eligibility criteria from 3 BP target trials, SPRINT (Systolic Pressure Intervention Trial), ACCORD (Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes), and AASK (African American Study of Kidney Disease), to estimate the proportion of adults with a systolic BP above the guideline\u2010recommended target and the proportion who met eligibility criteria for \u22651 trial. We identified 503\u2009480 adults in the Veterans Affairs and 73\u2009412 adults in Kaiser Permanente of Southern California with CKD and hypertension in 2019. We estimated 79.7% in the Veterans Affairs and 87.3% in the Kaiser Permanente of Southern California populations had a systolic BP \u2265120\u2009mm\u2009Hg; only 23.8% [23.7%\u201324.0%] in the Veterans Affairs and 20.8% [20.5%\u201321.1%] in Kaiser Permanente of Southern California were trial\u2010eligible. Among trial\u2010ineligible patients, &gt;50% met &gt;1 exclusion criteria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Major BP target trials were representative of fewer than 1 in 4 real\u2010world adults with CKD and hypertension. A large proportion of adults who are at risk for cardiovascular morbidity from hypertension and susceptible to adverse treatment effects lack relevant treatment information.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.123.031742","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]],"date-time":"2024-03-27T07:51:16Z","timestamp":1711525876000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Representation of Real\u2010World Adults With Chronic Kidney Disease in Clinical Trials Supporting Blood Pressure Treatment Targets"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6242-5839","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"June","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Population Health Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA"},{"name":"Geriatric Research and Education Clinical Center VA Palo Alto Health Care Systems Palo Alto CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3161-5732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaejin","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California Pasadena CA USA"},{"name":"Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine Pasadena CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8245-6508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mengjiao","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geriatric Research and Education Clinical Center VA Palo Alto Health Care Systems Palo Alto CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengnan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California Pasadena CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5154-2182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria E.","family":"Montez\u2010Rath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA 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USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7147-9026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vivek","family":"Charu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quantitative Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5974-3648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michelle C.","family":"Odden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Population Health Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA"},{"name":"Geriatric Research and Education Clinical Center VA Palo Alto Health Care Systems Palo Alto CA 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