{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T11:48:34Z","timestamp":1785498514237,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec sec-type=\"background\" xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              The goal was to determine the feasibility of mapping the injured\u2010but\u2010not\u2010infarcted myocardium using\n              <jats:sup>99m<\/jats:sup>\n              Tc\u2010duramycin in the postischemic heart, with spatial information for its characterization as a pathophysiologically intermediate tissue, which is neither normal nor infarcted.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Coronary occlusion was conducted in Sprague Dawley rats with preconditioning and 30\u2010minute ligation. In\u00a0vivo single\u2010photon emission computed tomography was acquired after 3\u2009hours (n=6) using\n              <jats:sup>99m<\/jats:sup>\n              Tc\u2010duramycin, a phosphatidylethanolamine\u2010specific radiopharmaceutical. The\n              <jats:sup>99m<\/jats:sup>\n              Tc\u2010duramycin\n              <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n              areas were compared with infarct and area\u2010at\u2010risk (n=8). Cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells were isolated for gene expression profiling. Cardiac function was measured with echocardiography (n=6) at 4\u2009weeks. In\u00a0vivo imaging with\n              <jats:sup>99m<\/jats:sup>\n              Tc\u2010duramycin identified the infarct (3.9\u00b12.4% of the left ventricle and an extensive area 23.7\u00b12.2% of the left ventricle) with diffuse signal outside the infarct, which is pathologically between normal and infarcted (apoptosis 1.8\u00b11.6, 8.9\u00b14.2, 13.6\u00b13.8%; VCAM\u20101 [vascular cell adhesion molecule 1] 3.2\u00b10.8, 9.8\u00b14.1, 15.9\u00b14.2\/mm\n              <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n              ; tyrosine hydroxylase 14.9\u00b12.8, 8.6\u00b14.4, 5.6\u00b12.2\/mm\n              <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n              ), with heterogeneous changes including scattered micronecrosis, wavy myofibrils, hydropic change, and glycogen accumulation. The\n              <jats:sup>99m<\/jats:sup>\n              Tc\u2010duramycin\n              <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n              tissue is quantitatively smaller than the area\u2010at\u2010risk (26.7% versus 34.4% of the left ventricle,\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.008). Compared with infarct, gene expression in the\n              <jats:sup>99m<\/jats:sup>\n              Tc\u2010duramycin\n              <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n              \u2013noninfarct tissue indicated a greater prosurvival ratio (BCL2\/BAX [B\u2010cell lymphoma 2\/BCL2\u2010associated X] 7.8 versus 5.7 [cardiomyocytes], 3.7 versus 3.2 [endothelial]), and an upregulation of ion channels in electrophysiology. There was decreased contractility at 4\u2009weeks (regional fractional shortening \u22128.6%,\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.05; circumferential strain \u221252.9%,\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.05).\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">The injured\u2010but\u2010not\u2010infarcted tissue, being an intermediate zone between normal and infarct, is mapped in\u00a0vivo using phosphatidylethanolamine\u2010based imaging. The intermediate zone contributes significantly to cardiac dysfunction.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.123.032577","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]],"date-time":"2024-04-19T11:14:51Z","timestamp":1713525291000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["In Vivo Mapping of Myocardial Injury Outside the Infarct Zone: Tissue at an Intermediate Pathological State"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2998-4974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaixi","family":"Ren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3562-5341","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Songwang","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven E.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0438-2427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jon","family":"Lomasney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5981-2925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chad R.","family":"Haney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Advanced Molecular Imaging, Chemistry of Life Processes Northwestern University Evanston IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0806-0847","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jungwha","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7045-0846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhi\u2010dong","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular\u2010Thoracic Surgery and the Heart Center Stanley Manne Children\u2019s Research Institute, Ann &amp; Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago, Departments of Pediatrics and Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9447-4175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel C.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9802-1851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey J.","family":"Goldberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University Chicago IL 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