{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T06:48:52Z","timestamp":1787813332402,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"15","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">High levels of catecholamines are cardiotoxic and associated with stress\u2010induced cardiomyopathies. Using a septic shock model that reproduces the reversible cardiomyopathy seen over 10\u2009days associated with human septic shock, we investigated the effects of catecholamines on microcirculatory perfusion and cardiac dysfunction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n                      Purpose\u2010bred beagles received intrabronchial\n                      <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      (n=30) or saline (n=6). The septic animals were than randomized to epinephrine (1\u2009\u03bcg\/kg per minute, n=15) or saline (n=15) infusions from 4 to 44\u2009hours. Serial cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, catecholamine levels, and troponins were collected over 92\u2009hours. Serial adenosine\u2010stress perfusion cardiac magnetic resonance imaging was performed on septic animals randomized to receive saline (n=8 out of 15) or epinephrine (n=8 out of 15). High\u2010dose sedation was given to suppress endogenous catecholamine release. Despite catecholamine levels largely remaining within the normal range throughout, by 48\u2009hours, septic animals receiving saline versus nonseptic animals still developed significant worsening of left ventricular ejection fraction, circumferential strain, and ventricular\u2010aortic coupling. In septic animals that received epinephrine versus saline infusions, plasma epinephrine levels increased 800\u2010fold, but epinephrine produced no significant further worsening of left ventricular ejection fraction, circumferential strain, or ventricular\u2010aortic coupling. Septic animals receiving saline had a significant increase in microcirculatory reserve without troponin elevations. Septic animals receiving epinephrine had decreased edema, blunted microcirculatory perfusion, and elevated troponin levels that persisted for hours after the epinephrine infusion stopped.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Cardiac dysfunction during sepsis is not primarily due to elevated endogenous or exogenous catecholamines nor due to decreased microvascular perfusion\u2010induced ischemia. However, epinephrine itself has potentially harmful long\u2010lasting ischemic effects during sepsis including impaired cardiac microvascular perfusion that persists after stopping the infusion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.123.034027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]],"date-time":"2024-08-05T07:18:10Z","timestamp":1722842290000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["In a Canine Model of Septic Shock, Cardiomyopathy Occurs Independent of Catecholamine Surges and Cardiac Microvascular Ischemia"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1364-8522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Verity J.","family":"Ford","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institutes of Health","place":["Bethesda, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Willard 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