{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T11:41:33Z","timestamp":1791891693471,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"13","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Although peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a fatal disease affecting young patients and fetuses, little is known about its recent prognosis and risk factors. This study investigated temporal trends in clinical characteristics and outcomes for PPCM in a nationwide multicenter registry.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              The study population comprised 340 patients (mean age, 33\u2009years) who were diagnosed with PPCM between January 2000 and September 2022 in 26 tertiary hospitals in South Korea. PPCM was defined as heart failure with left ventricular ejection fraction \u226445% and no previously known cardiac disease. The main study outcomes included time to the first occurrence of all\u2010cause death, heart transplantation, and cardiovascular hospitalization. The diagnosis of PPCM cases increased notably during the study period (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.001). However, clinical outcomes showed no significant improvement (all\u2010cause death for 10\u2009years: 0.9% [2000\u20132010] versus 2.3% [2011\u20132022],\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.450; all\u2010cause death and heart transplantation for 10\u2009years: 3.6% [2000\u20132010] versus 3.0% [2011\u20132022]\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.520; all\u2010cause death, heart transplantation, and cardiovascular hospitalization for 10\u2009years: 11.7% [2000\u20132010] versus 19.8% [2011\u20132022],\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.240). High body mass index (hazard ratio [HR], 1.106 [95% CI, 1.024\u20131.196];\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.011), the presence of gestational diabetes (HR, 5.346 [95% CI, 1.778\u201316.07];\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.002), and increased baseline left ventricular end\u2010diastolic dimension (HR, 1.078 [95% CI, 1.002\u20131.159];\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.044) were significant risk factors for poor prognosis.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">While the incidence of PPCM has increased over the past 20\u2009years, the prognosis has not improved significantly. Timely management and close follow\u2010up are necessary for high\u2010risk patients with PPCM with high body mass index, gestational diabetes, or large left ventricular end\u2010diastolic dimension.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.123.034055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]],"date-time":"2024-06-21T10:54:27Z","timestamp":1718967267000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Temporal Trends in Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes for Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: The Nationwide Multicenter Registry Over 20\u2009Years"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Minjung","family":"Bak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0998-503X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jong\u2010Chan","family":"Youn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary\u2019s Hospital, Catholic Research Institute for Intractable Cardiovascular Disease, College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4464-8613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dae\u2010Hwan","family":"Bae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital Chungbuk National University College of Medicine Chungbuk Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0858-0973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ju\u2010Hee","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital Chungbuk National University College of Medicine Chungbuk Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5247-7981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sunki","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8480-9082","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dong\u2010Hyuk","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2441-2267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jin\u2010Oh","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"of PPCM registry investigators","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1493"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.44.5.964"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","first-page":"325","article-title":"Clinical contributions to the pathology, diagnosis, and treatment of certain chronic diseases of the Heart","volume":"72","author":"Ritchie C","year":"1849","unstructured":"Ritchie C. 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