{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T13:53:28Z","timestamp":1793022808953,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"19","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">The essential hypertension phenotype results from an interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The influence of lifestyle exposures such as excess adiposity, alcohol consumption, tobacco use, diet, and activity patterns on blood pressure (BP) is well established. Additionally, polygenic risk scores for BP traits are associated with clinically significant phenotypic variation. However, interactions between genetic and environmental risk factors in hypertension morbidity and mortality are poorly characterized.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n                      We used genotype and phenotype data from up to 49\u2009234 participants from the HUNT (Tr\u00f8ndelag Health Study) to model gene\u2013environment interactions between genome\u2010wide polygenic risk scores for systolic BP and diastolic BP and 125 environmental exposures. Among the 125 environmental exposures assessed, 108 and 100 were independently associated with SBP and DBP, respectively. Of these, 12 interactions were identified for genome\u2010wide PRSs for systolic BP and 4 for genome\u2010wide polygenic risk scores for diastolic BP, 2 of which were overlapping (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20092\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>\n                      ). We found evidence for gene\u2010dependent influence of lifestyle factors such as cardiorespiratory fitness, dietary patterns, and tobacco exposure, as well as biomarkers such as serum cholesterol, creatinine, and alkaline phosphatase on BP.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Individuals that are genetically susceptible to high BP may be more vulnerable to common acquired risk factors for hypertension, but these effects appear to be modifiable. The gene\u2010dependent influence of several common acquired risk factors indicates the potential of genetic data combined with lifestyle assessments in risk stratification, and gene\u2013environment\u2010informed risk modeling in the prevention and management of hypertension.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.123.034612","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]],"date-time":"2024-09-18T05:24:32Z","timestamp":1726637072000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Polygenic Interactions With Environmental Exposures in Blood Pressure Regulation: The HUNT Study"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5528-0674","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karsten","family":"\u00d8vretveit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"HUNT Center for Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology (MCE), Department of Public Health and Nursing Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0928-7880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma M. L.","family":"Ingestr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Exercise Research Group (CERG), Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3799-7708","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michail","family":"Spitieris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HUNT Center for Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology (MCE), Department of Public Health and Nursing Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Trondheim Norway"},{"name":"Department of Mathematical Sciences Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8223-8957","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vinicius","family":"Tragante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"deCODE Genetics\/Amgen Inc. Reykjavik Iceland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0548-2486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laurent F.","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HUNT Center for Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology (MCE), Department of Public Health and Nursing Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Trondheim Norway"},{"name":"Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6344-0754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ingelin","family":"Steinsland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematical Sciences Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3058-1059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ben M.","family":"Brumpton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HUNT Center for Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology (MCE), Department of Public Health and Nursing Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Trondheim Norway"},{"name":"HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Levanger Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5222-9857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel F.","family":"Gudbjartsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"deCODE Genetics\/Amgen Inc. 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