{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T11:22:08Z","timestamp":1782127328685,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"19","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Sympathetic hyperactivity plays an important role in the initiation and maintenance of pulmonary hypertension. Carotid baroreceptor stimulation (CBS) is an effective autonomic neuromodulation therapy. We aim to investigate the effects of CBS on hypoxia\u2010induced pulmonary hypertension and its underlying mechanisms.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups, including a Control\u2010sham group (n=7), a Control\u2010CBS group (n=7), a Hypoxia\u2010sham group (n=10) and a Hypoxia\u2010CBS group (n=10). Echocardiography, ECG, and hemodynamics examination were performed. Samples of blood, lung tissue, pulmonary arteries, and right ventricle were collected for the further analysis. In the in\u00a0vivo study, CBS reduced wall thickness and muscularization degree in pulmonary arterioles, thereby improving pulmonary hemodynamics. Right ventricle hypertrophy, fibrosis and dysfunction were all improved. CBS rebalanced autonomic tone and reduced the density of sympathetic nerves around pulmonary artery trunks and bifurcations. RNA\u2010seq analysis identified\n              <jats:italic>BDNF<\/jats:italic>\n              and periostin (\n              <jats:italic>POSTN<\/jats:italic>\n              ) as key genes involved in hypoxia\u2010induced pulmonary hypertension, and CBS downregulated the mRNA expression of\n              <jats:italic>BDNF<\/jats:italic>\n              and\n              <jats:italic>POSTN<\/jats:italic>\n              in rat pulmonary arteries. In the in\u00a0vitro study, norepinephrine was found to promote pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation while upregulating\n              <jats:italic>BDNF<\/jats:italic>\n              and\n              <jats:italic>POSTN<\/jats:italic>\n              expression. The proliferative effect was alleviated by silence\n              <jats:italic>BDNF<\/jats:italic>\n              or\n              <jats:italic>POSTN<\/jats:italic>\n              .\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Our results showed that CBS could rebalance autonomic tone, inhibit pulmonary arterial remodeling, and improve pulmonary hemodynamics and right ventricle function, thus delaying hypoxia\u2010induced pulmonary hypertension progression. There may be a reciprocal interaction between\n              <jats:italic>POSTN<\/jats:italic>\n              and\n              <jats:italic>BDNF<\/jats:italic>\n              that is responsible for the underlying mechanism.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.124.035868","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T09:29:20Z","timestamp":1727688560000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Carotid Baroreceptor Stimulation Ameliorates Pulmonary Arterial Remodeling in Rats With Hypoxia\u2010Induced Pulmonary Hypertension"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4695-4255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuesheng","family":"Fang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China"},{"name":"Cardiovascular Research 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