{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T14:03:53Z","timestamp":1787580233393,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"21","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">A subset of individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) have a high burden of cardiovascular risk factors and cerebral small\u2010vessel disease, implicating vascular disease in the development of depression. Cross\u2010sectional studies demonstrate a link between endothelial dysfunction and MDD, but the prospective association between peripheral endothelial dysfunction (PED) and an incident diagnosis of MDD is unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n                      Patients undergoing a baseline assessment of cardiovascular risk were evaluated for PED using reactive hyperemia\u2013peripheral arterial tonometry (\u22641.8 consistent with PED). Patient medical records were reviewed to identify those who underwent a formal clinical evaluation of MDD\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">after<\/jats:italic>\n                      the index PED evaluation. The frequency of PED was compared in those with and without MDD. Logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the association between baseline PED and incident MDD. Between January 2006 and December 2020, 1614 patients underwent testing for PED. Four hundred eighty\u2010four (30.1%) patients underwent a formal evaluation for MDD after (0\u201315\u2009years) the index procedure (mean\u00b1SD age, 52.8\u00b113.8\u2009years; 65.2% women). Of these, 157 (32.4%) had PED and 108 (31.0%) were diagnosed with MDD. Individuals with MDD had a higher frequency of PED (40.2% versus 30.2%;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.034) compared with those without MDD. In multivariable analyses, PED was significantly associated with MDD (odds ratio, 2.3 [95% CI, 1.4\u20133.8];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">PED is significantly associated with incident MDD. Thus, PED may be a useful marker to identify individuals at increased risk of depression who may benefit from more frequent and earlier management strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.124.036812","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]],"date-time":"2024-11-04T05:54:08Z","timestamp":1730699648000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Peripheral Endothelial Dysfunction Is Associated With Incident Major Depressive Disorder"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0673-0253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaskanwal D. 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