{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T17:32:01Z","timestamp":1791999121016,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"24","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Despite robust evidence supporting an association with improved outcomes in eligible patients, cardiac rehabilitation (CR) remains underused, with a minority of eligible patients participating. Virtual cardiac rehabilitation (VCR) has been proposed as an alternative to traditional center\u2010based CR (CBCR) to improve usage rates. However, data supporting the efficacy and cost\u2010effectiveness of VCR are limited. In the present study, we compared the outcomes and cost of a VCR versus traditional CBCR program.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n                      In a retrospective cohort study comparing VCR versus CBCR, CBCR data were collected from a period of January 2018 to September 2023. VCR data were collected from program initiation in July 2021 to September 2023. Primary health outcomes measured were 1\u2010year mortality rates, recurrent myocardial infarction, all\u2010cause hospital readmission, and emergency department visits. Primary cost outcomes were analyzed as cost ratios related to VCR versus CBCR assessing total medical costs allowed, pharmacy costs, and total costs of care over the 12\u2009months post\u2010CR enrollment. VCR was associated with a significant reduction in 1\u2010year all\u2010cause hospital readmission (incident rate ratio [IRR], 0.616 [95% CI, 0.489\u20130.777],\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001) and ED admission (IRR, 0.557 [95% CI, 0.452\u20130.687],\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001) at 1\u2009year. The IRR of myocardial infarction and all\u2010cause mortality did not significantly differ between VCR and CBCR. In addition, VCR was associated with significant reductions in medically related (cost ratio, 0.814 [95% CI, 0.690\u20130.960],\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.0144) and total costs allowed (cost ratio, 0.838 [95% CI, 0.725\u20130.970],\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.0176).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">VCR is a viable alternative to CBCR with at least comparable efficacy and cost, and as such, represents a key mechanism for improving access to and participation in CR for eligible patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.124.036861","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,14]],"date-time":"2024-12-14T03:56:42Z","timestamp":1734148602000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Retrospective Comparison of Outcomes and Cost of Virtual Versus Center\u2010Based Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0100-2847","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neil D.","family":"Shah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart and Vascular Institute Danville PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1277-8026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Conor W.","family":"Banta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart and Vascular Institute Danville PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6170-3285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea L.","family":"Berger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Core, Geisinger Danville PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Hattenberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Data Core, Geisinger Danville PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Zimmerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart and Vascular Institute Danville PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bryan E.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart and Vascular Institute Danville PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4757-5516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Recora New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8462-6227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Usnish","family":"Majumdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mt Sinai New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2557-6749","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H. Lester","family":"Kirchner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health Sciences, Geisinger Danville PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9303-0978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin E.","family":"Matsumura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart and Vascular Institute Danville PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac747"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000151788.08740.5C"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HCR.0000000000000675"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HCR.0000000000000547"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.33472"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2022.100349"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14779072.2020.1816464"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HCR.0000000000000076"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.01.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.122.009618"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HCR.0000000000000803"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.061046"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.02.080"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","unstructured":"Oehler AB Battel L Poornima IG. 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