{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T19:35:01Z","timestamp":1792697701714,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"jah310994-sec-0001\" xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">There is an incomplete understanding of the impact of climate change on cardiovascular\u2010kidney\u2010metabolic (CKM) syndrome. Although climate change affects all Americans, certain communities and individuals may suffer a disproportionate burden. Therefore, this study's objective was to explore the relationship between the Climate Vulnerability Index domains and the prevalence of CKM components in the United States.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec id=\"jah310994-sec-0002\" xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">This cross\u2010sectional study obtained health outcomes from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Population Level Analysis and Community Estimates (2021) and assessed the census tract\u2010level prevalence of coronary heart disease, chronic kidney disease, obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. ANOVA was used to assess statistically significant differences in the means of CKM components between quartiles of each climate change domain. Linear regression models assessed the association between each domain and outcome, followed by models adjusted by baseline Climate Vulnerability Index components. Fully adjusted models included all 3 climate change domains and the baseline Climate Vulnerability Index components.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec id=\"jah310994-sec-0003\" xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Data for 70\u2009300 census tracts, covering 299.8\u2009million individuals, were included. Statistically significant differences (\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.001) in CKM prevalence were found between quartiles of all climate change domains. These associations persisted after adjusting for baseline domains (environment, social\/economic, and infrastructure) and in the full model including all domains.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec id=\"jah310994-sec-0004\" xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">The Climate Vulnerability Index's climate change component was associated with the prevalence of CKM components (coronary heart disease, chronic kidney disease, obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension). These findings suggest that populations with CKM may be associated with increased climate vulnerability, underscoring the need for a deeper understanding of climate change as a determinant of health.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.124.038251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]],"date-time":"2025-05-26T10:12:12Z","timestamp":1748254332000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Climate Vulnerability and Cardiovascular\u2010Kidney\u2010Metabolic Disease in the United\u00a0States"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5116-5062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro Rafael","family":"Vieira de Oliveira Salerno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NYC Health+Hospitals\/Elmhurst, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. 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Grace Tee","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Defense Fund","place":["Houston, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7781-2080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhuo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center","place":["Cleveland, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4720-3684","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean\u2010Eudes","family":"Dazard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center","place":["Cleveland, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0296-6864","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarju","family":"Ganatra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lahey Clinic","place":["Burlington, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eman Nayaz","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Houston Methodist Hospital","place":["Houston, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5376-2269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khurram","family":"Nasir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Houston Methodist Hospital","place":["Houston, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4729-1461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salil V.","family":"Deo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgical Services, Louis Stokes Cleveland","place":["Cleveland, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6669-8163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sanjay","family":"Rajagopalan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center","place":["Cleveland, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1122-7695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sadeer","family":"Al\u2010Kindi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Houston Methodist Hospital","place":["Houston, USA"]},{"name":"Center for Health and Nature","place":["Houston, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001184"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02438-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-022-00720-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(23)00361-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-020-0371-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7930\/J0R49NQX"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/9789004322714_cclc_2021-0166-513"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.107772"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","unstructured":"About. 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