{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T10:46:52Z","timestamp":1787222812486,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">People living with HIV (PLWH) are disproportionately affected by tobacco\u2010related health disparities. Concurrent recreational drug use is also more prevalent. Switching to electronic cigarettes (ECs) has been proposed as a harm reduction strategy. However, it remains unproven whether ECs are less atherogenic than tobacco cigarettes (TCs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n                      PLWH who smoke TCs and met eligibility criteria were invited to enroll in our acute crossover trial (NCT04568395) comparing the effects of using an EC, a TC, and a straw control on different days on monocyte transendothelial migration and monocyte\u2010derived foam cell formation in our novel ex\u00a0vivo atherogenesis assay. Twenty\u2010eight PLWH (aged 41.8\u00b19.8\u2009years; 27 men and 1 woman, 18 with a positive urine toxicology screen) completed all 3 sessions. The acute rise in plasma nicotine was similar after acute TC and EC use (7.32\u00b10.86\u2009ng\/mL versus 6.30\u00b10.92\u2009ng\/mL,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.69). The monocyte transendothelial migration after acutely smoking a TC increased by a mean of 0.65\u2010fold difference compared with the straw control (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.01). The monocyte transendothelial migration after using an EC was not significantly increased compared with the straw control. The monocyte\u2010derived foam cell formation after acutely smoking a TC was increased by a mean of 0.65\u2010fold difference compared with the straw control (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001). The monocyte\u2010derived foam cell formation after acutely using an EC was not significantly increased compared with the straw control. These findings were present in PLWH with and without concurrent recreational drug use.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">These data suggest smaller proatherogenic effects following EC versus TC use in PLWH and justify a larger study looking at cardiovascular risks of ECs in PLWH who smoke, including those who use recreational drugs, populations disproportionately affected by tobacco\u2010related health disparities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.124.038258","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T07:03:21Z","timestamp":1742367801000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Atherogenic Effects of Acute Electronic Cigarette Compared With Tobacco Cigarette Smoking in People Living With HIV: A Randomized Crossover Trial"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Theodoros","family":"Kelesidis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas\u2010Southwestern","place":["Dallas, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6549-4043","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leila","family":"Fotooh Abadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas\u2010Southwestern","place":["Dallas, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2352-9738","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabelle","family":"Ruedisueli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine","place":["Los Angeles, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zoee U.","family":"D'Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCLA David Geffen School of 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