{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T05:20:09Z","timestamp":1787721609085,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"13","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Early task\u2010specific rehabilitation is critical for recovery after stroke, yet it remains unclear whether combining established rehabilitative training principles into an early multimodal motor training (EMT) paradigm improves recovery by engaging only local peri\u2010infarct adaptation or a broader, longitudinally detectable pattern of structural brain remodeling.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n                      Male rats were assigned to stroke+EMT, stroke, EMT, or control groups. Focal photothrombotic stroke was induced in the right sensorimotor cortex. EMT began 2\u2009days after stroke and consisted of an obstacle\u2010based training paradigm with variable and progressively increasing difficulty delivered over 8\u2009weeks. Skilled locomotion was assessed using the ladder\u2010rung test. Longitudinal T2\u2010weighted magnetic resonance imaging and deformation\u2010based morphometry were used to quantify structural brain alterations. Significant loci from voxel\u2010wise group\u00d7time interaction F\u2010contrast maps (family\u2010wise error\u2010corrected,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.05) were summarized as structural events and analyzed according to their spatial and temporal organization.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">EMT improved poststroke motor recovery and was associated with broader structural remodeling than stroke or EMT alone (82 versus 15 and 10 structural events, respectively). These alterations extended beyond peri\u2010infarct tissue, were bilaterally distributed, and mapped to both sensorimotor and higher\u2010order brain systems, with frequent homotopic occurrence (74.4%) and multinetwork assignment (50.0%). Structural events were distributed across 6 temporal profiles, indicating distinct early\u2010to\u2010late remodeling courses rather than a single monotonic process.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">These findings support a shift in how early poststroke rehabilitation is conceptualized: not as a local process confined to isolated brain regions, but as a driver of distributed, bilateral, and temporally organized structural remodeling across multiple brain systems.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.124.039816","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T10:23:41Z","timestamp":1783074221000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Early Multimodal Motor Training After Stroke Promotes Motor Recovery and Whole\u2010Brain Structural Remodeling"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8129-6849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"Teichert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jena University Hospital","place":["Jena, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4591-5119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sidra","family":"Gull","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jena University Hospital","place":["Jena, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0757-3525","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karl\u2010Heinz","family":"Herrmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jena University Hospital","place":["Jena, 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