{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T07:03:54Z","timestamp":1789715034015,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Stroke disproportionately affects socioeconomically deprived populations, which leads to poor outcomes in disadvantaged groups. This study aimed to assess associations of socioeconomic status (SES) and long\u2010 and short\u2010term functional outcome after stroke in Mongolia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">A prospective, population\u2010based incidence stroke study was performed in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, between 2019 and 2020. SES indicators were average household family income and highest level of education attainment. The primary outcome was an unfavorable change in functional outcome on the binary modified Rankin Scale (scores 3\u20136 versus 0\u20132) measured at 28, 90, and 365\u2009days. Logistic regression was used to analyze the association of SES and outcomes. Generalized linear mixed\u2010effects models were used to assess associations according to repeated measures of modified Rankin Scale over 12\u2009months, and a mediation analysis aimed to determine the mechanism by which SES affects outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">A total of 2205 patients (mean age, 58.0\u00b112.8\u2009years; 1330 [60.3%] men) were included. Patients with high\u2010level family income were less likely to have unfavorable short\u2010term (adjusted odds ratio, 0.36 [95% CI, 0.26\u20130.49]) and long\u2010term (adjusted odds ratio, 0.41 [95% CI, 0.30\u20130.58]) outcomes. Patients with higher SES experience faster recovery from disability within 1 year, and patients with intracerebral hemorrhage have the slowest recovery rate among the stroke subtypes. Mediation analysis revealed that the impact of SES on functional outcome was mostly direct rather than through other mediators.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Patients with higher SES exhibit a better recovery pattern up to 1 year after stroke. SES directly and significantly influenced stroke outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.124.040282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T09:07:04Z","timestamp":1778058424000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of Socioeconomic Status on Functional Outcome After Stroke in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2285-1390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yijie","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New South Wales","place":["Sydney, Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2322-0917","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chimeglkham","family":"Banzrai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences","place":["Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia"]},{"name":"Ach Medical University","place":["Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8688-0231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oyungerel","family":"Bosookhuu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences","place":["Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia"]},{"name":"Ach Medical University","place":["Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bolormaa","family":"Dambasuren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences","place":["Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2902-9796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mandakhnar","family":"Myadagsuren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences","place":["Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarantsetseg","family":"Turbat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences","place":["Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khandsuren","family":"Baatar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences","place":["Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1910-9849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Punsaldulam","family":"Boldbayar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences","place":["Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4926-0191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New South Wales","place":["Sydney, Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7917-6858","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Menglu","family":"Ouyang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New South Wales","place":["Sydney, Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8367-542X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoying","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New South Wales","place":["Sydney, Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2444-2869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katie","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New South Wales","place":["Sydney, Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9800-5296","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark","family":"Woodward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New South Wales","place":["Sydney, Australia"]},{"name":"Imperial College London","place":["London, UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9931-0580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Chalmers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New South Wales","place":["Sydney, Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7248-4863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Craig S.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New South Wales","place":["Sydney, Australia"]},{"name":"Fudan University","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1684-7076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xia","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New South Wales","place":["Sydney, Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61953-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(21)00252-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2023.102170"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.123.033078"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.111.639732"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s2468-2667(18)30030-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493018789839"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","first-page":"41","article-title":"The effect of cognitive impairment on functional outcome after stroke: a cross sectional study","volume":"62","author":"Saberi A","year":"2020","unstructured":"Saberi A, Hosseininezhad M, Rezaei S, Salehil S, Neshin SAS, Hasanzadeh B. The effect of cognitive impairment on functional outcome after stroke: a cross sectional study. Act Nerv Super Rediviva. 2020;62:41\u201346.","journal-title":"Act Nerv Super Rediviva"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2007.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-018-1017-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2012.11.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1474-4422(15)00200-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s2214-109x(23)00130-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-19923-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3978\/j.issn.2223-3652.2015.04.11"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-058330"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/blt.19.020219"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h1295"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8510(90)90421-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/b16343"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1993.10594284"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1002-0829.2013.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v048.i02"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0181196"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01616412.2019.1630165"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.119.023565"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000491442"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Heart Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/JAHA.124.040282","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T06:37:16Z","timestamp":1789713436000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/JAHA.124.040282"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/JAHA.124.040282"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/jaha.124.040282","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-9980"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-9980","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-11-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-17","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-06","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e040282"}}