{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T19:53:37Z","timestamp":1772826817893,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"jah310953-sec-0001\" xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">The increasing life expectancy among people living with HIV (PLWH) has transformed HIV management into chronic disease care. This transformation has introduced complex patterns of comorbidities that challenge current health care approaches. A deeper understanding of the interactions between these conditions and their distribution across demographic groups remains essential for optimizing care.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec id=\"jah310953-sec-0002\" xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">This study analyzed electronic health records of 13\u2009884 adult people living with HIV in Luzhou, China (2001\u20132022). Network analysis identified central comorbidities and their interactions. Hierarchical clustering revealed disease patterns, while time series analysis tracked temporal trends. A nomogram\u2010based prediction model underwent development and validation using bootstrap resampling.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec id=\"jah310953-sec-0003\" xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              The analysis identified comorbidities in 34.58% of the cohort. Network analysis revealed hypertension as the most central condition (Strength: 0.30, Betweenness: 82, Closeness: 0.0007), followed by metabolic disorders and peripheral vascular diseases. Four distinct comorbidity clusters emerged, with infectious and metabolic diseases forming the core cluster. Demographic patterns showed that younger, female, and homosexual people living with HIV exhibited patterns dominated by neoplasms and sexually transmitted diseases, contrasting with cardiovascular\u2013metabolic patterns in older, male, and heterosexual individuals. Age &gt;50\u2009years (odds ratio, 2.220 [95% CI, 2.024\u20132.436]) and male sex (odds ratio, 1.145 [95% CI, 1.053\u20131.246]) emerged as significant predictors of comorbidity risk. The prediction model demonstrated acceptable calibration (\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">\u03c7<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n              =13.784,\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.088) and discrimination (AUC, 0.666 [95% CI, 0.657\u20130.675]).\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec id=\"jah310953-sec-0004\" xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">The findings establish hypertension as a central node in HIV comorbidity networks, with patterns varying by demographic characteristics. This evidence\u2010based framework supports the development of targeted screening strategies and personalized interventions focused on central network conditions.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.124.040634","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T09:47:14Z","timestamp":1747129634000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Central Role of Hypertension in HIV Comorbidity Networks: A Population\u2010Based Study of Age and Sex\u2010Specific Patterns in Southwest China"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0808-781X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Biao","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Southwest Medical University","place":["Luzhou, 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