{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T20:35:39Z","timestamp":1783715739628,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"jah310880-sec-0001\" xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) is a simple and low\u2010cost intervention that is thought to increase collateral blood flow through the vasodilatory effects of nitric oxide (NO) produced by the endothelium and red blood cells (RBCs). The aim of this study was to investigate whether RBC form and function are associated with short\u2010 and long\u2010term outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke, and whether RIC treatment modified this effect.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec id=\"jah310880-sec-0002\" xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">This is a predefined substudy to the RESIST (Remote Ischemic Conditioning in Patients with Acute Stroke Trial) randomized clinical trial conducted in Denmark. RIC was started in the ambulance and continued at the hospital for 7\u2009days. RBC deformability and erythrocyte aggregation rate were assessed using ektacytometry, NO using flowcytometry, and nitrite content using ozone chemiluminescence. Logistic regression and mixed effect models were used. Out of 1500 prehospital randomized patients, and between July 28, 2020 and November 11, 2023, 486 patients had blood samples taken. Of these 249 (51%) had acute ischemic stroke and were included in this study. In the acute phase, higher levels of RBC deformability, aggregation, and RBC NO content were associated with worse clinical outcome if patients were treated with RIC compared with sham. Similar results were found at 24\u2009hours, except for a potential effect on early neurological improvement in RIC\u2010treated patients with an increased deformability level at 24\u2009hours.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec id=\"jah310880-sec-0003\" xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">RIC may have time\u2010dependent and biomarker\u2010specific effects on stroke outcomes, and detrimental interactions between increasing biomarker levels and RIC were observed. This may explain previous failures to translate RIC into an effective neuroprotective therapy in the hyperacute phase.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.124.040787","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T09:41:06Z","timestamp":1747129266000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effect of Remote Ischemic Conditioning and Red Blood Cells Biomarkers on Outcomes in Patients With Acute Stroke"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4846-9516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rolf Ankerlund","family":"Blauenfeldt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Aarhus University Hospital","place":["Aarhus, Denmark"]},{"name":"Aarhus University","place":["Aarhus, 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