{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T20:41:50Z","timestamp":1783456910482,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"15","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]]},"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Inhaled combusted cannabis and co\u2010use of combusted cannabis and nicotine electronic cigarettes (\n ECIGs<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) are emerging trends among young adults, yet the potential cardiovascular disease risks associated with these substances remain unclear. This study examined whether cannabis use increases cardiovascular disease risk, specifically, arrhythmia risk, as estimated by ventricular repolarization, and whether\n ECIG<\/jats:styled-content>\n co\u2010use further amplifies this risk.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n A cross\u2010sectional parallel group comparison study was conducted with 3 groups: healthy adults (21\u201330\u2009years) who (1) chronically use combusted cannabis but no tobacco, (2) chronically co\u2010use both nicotine\n ECIGs<\/jats:styled-content>\n and combusted cannabis, and (3) are nonusers (controls). The primary outcomes, Tpeak\u2010Tend (Tp\u2010e) interval, Tp\u2010e\/\n QT<\/jats:styled-content>\n , and Tp\u2010e\/\n QTc<\/jats:styled-content>\n , were assessed using 5\u2010minute\n ECG<\/jats:styled-content>\n recordings during supine rest and abrupt standing. Secondary outcomes included resting hemodynamic parameters and heart rate variability.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The study enrolled 134 participants (cannabis use=59, cannabis\/\n ECIG<\/jats:styled-content>\n co\u2010use=26, control=49). The demographics among the groups did not differ. At supine rest, the Tp\u2010e interval was not different between the combusted cannabis users (88\u00b118\u2009milliseconds) and controls (91\u00b120\u2009milliseconds;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n =0.68). In contrast, the Tp\u2010e was significantly shorter in the cannabis\/\n ECIG<\/jats:styled-content>\n co\u2010use group (77\u00b115\u2009milliseconds) compared with the cannabis (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n =0.017) and control (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n =0.003) groups. These findings were confirmed upon abrupt standing. Hemodynamic and heart rate variability parameters did not differ among groups.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n In healthy young adults, chronic co\u2010use of inhaled combusted cannabis and nicotine\n ECIGs<\/jats:styled-content>\n , but not exclusive cannabis use, is associated with alterations in ventricular repolarization as estimated by Tp\u2010e. The implications of short ventricular repolarization in people who co\u2010use nicotine\n ECIGs<\/jats:styled-content>\n and inhaled combusted cannabis warrant further investigation.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.125.041460","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,17]],"date-time":"2025-07-17T12:07:36Z","timestamp":1752754056000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Ventricular Repolarization in Healthy Young Adults Who Use Combusted Cannabis: A Cross\u2010Sectional Parallel Group Comparison Study"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0739-8077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine","family":"Hampilos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles","place":["Los Angeles, USA"]},{"name":"Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California","place":["Los Angeles, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reece","family":"Fong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles","place":["Los Angeles, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles","place":["Los Angeles, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2352-9738","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabelle","family":"Ruedisueli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles","place":["Los Angeles, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles","place":["Los Angeles, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles","place":["Los Angeles, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7365-5794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeff","family":"Gornbein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California","place":["Los Angeles, USA"]},{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California","place":["Los Angeles, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8001-2332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ziva D.","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California","place":["Los Angeles, USA"]},{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California","place":["Los Angeles, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7848-8585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Holly","family":"Middlekauff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles","place":["Los Angeles, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2015.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.2765"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","unstructured":"NIDA . 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