{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T11:45:20Z","timestamp":1782992720775,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">There is no universal agreement on the diagnostic criteria for cardiac sarcoidosis (CS). In 2024, the American Heart Association (AHA) introduced a new diagnostic scheme featuring a quaternary likelihood stratification for CS instead of dichotomy. Its clinical implications are unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">We analyzed 252 patients with CS and proven histology (mean age, 49\u2009years; 61% women). Following the AHA diagnostic stratification, CS was retrospectively considered definite given sarcoid granulomas on myocardial biopsy (n=109), highly probable with both clinical and cardiac imaging findings being CS consistent (n=93), and probable with either clinical or imaging findings alone being CS consistent (n=50). The groups were compared for clinical characteristics and the composite incidence of death, transplantation, implantation of a left ventricular assist device, and ventricular tachyarrhythmia on follow\u2010up (median, 5.0\u2009years).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n                      In AHA definite, highly probable, and probable CS: 94%, 99%, and 22% of patients (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001) had high\u2010grade atrioventricular block, ventricular tachyarrhythmia, or heart failure at presentation; median left ventricular ejection fraction was 42% (interquartile range, 30%\u201358%), 56% (interquartile range, 47%\u201362%), and 55% (interquartile range, 47%\u201365%) (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001); cardiac troponins were elevated in 61%, 33%, and 20% (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001); and the 5\u2010year event rate (95% CI) was 44% (34%\u201354%), 20% (11%\u201329%), and 10% (2%\u201319%) (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001), respectively. In multivariable analysis, left ventricular ejection fraction (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001) and presentation with ventricular tachyarrhythmia (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001) were the key prognostic factors, with the AHA classification failing to have independent predictive value (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.201).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">The 2024 AHA stratification of CS likelihood distinguishes groups with differences in clinical characteristics but did not have independent prognostic value in our statistical analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.125.042020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T11:33:42Z","timestamp":1773401622000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Implications of the 2024 American Heart Association Classification of Cardiac Sarcoidosis: Characteristics and Outcome of Patients Across the Continuum of Diagnostic Likelihood"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7698-0896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henriikka","family":"M\u00e4lk\u00f6nen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki","place":["Helsinki, Finland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7637-6061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jukka","family":"Lehtonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki","place":["Helsinki, Finland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3031-5391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pauli","family":"P\u00f6yh\u00f6nen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki","place":["Helsinki, Finland"]},{"name":"Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki","place":["Helsinki, Finland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7345-7122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valtteri","family":"Uusitalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki","place":["Helsinki, Finland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0877-9640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mikko I.","family":"M\u00e4yr\u00e4np\u00e4\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helsinki University Hospital","place":["Helsinki, Finland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5813-3477","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Markku","family":"Kupari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki","place":["Helsinki, Finland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehad067"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.3545"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2014.03.043"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"19","article-title":"The WASOG sarcoidosis organ assessment instrument: an update of a previous clinical tool","volume":"31","author":"Judson MA","year":"2014","unstructured":"Judson MA, Costabel U, Drent M, Wells A, Maier L, Koth L, Shigemitsu H, Culver DA, Gelfand J, Valeyre D, et\u00a0al. 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