{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T15:44:19Z","timestamp":1789055059411,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"20","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) has unique characteristics when compared with other forms of non\u2010DMD dilated cardiomyopathy. We sought to describe epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), the fat layer surrounding the myocardium, and investigate its relationship to longitudinal cardiac changes in DMD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">This single\u2010center, retrospective, cohort study included all DMD patients with \u22655 cardiac magnetic resonance studies between 2015 and 2022. EAT thickness was measured in the right atrioventricular groove during end diastole. Adiposity data were obtained from dual\u2010energy x\u2010ray absorptiometry scans. Linear mixed\u2010effects regression was used for statistical modeling.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n                      A total of 117 patients were included with 590 cardiac magnetic resonance studies, 333 dual\u2010energy X\u2010ray absorptiometry, and 255 NT\u2010proBNP (N\u2010terminal pro\u2010B\u2010type natriuretic peptide) values. The median age at first cardiac magnetic resonance was 13.1\u2009years and at any cardiac magnetic resonance study was 15.9\u2009years. The median EAT thickness was 15.5\u00b14\u2009mm. EAT thickness was positively associated with age (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001) and measures of general adiposity (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.01). Increased EAT was positively associated with NT\u2010proBNP and negatively associated with left ventricular volume and left ventricular mass indexed for body surface area (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.05). There was no association with left ventricular ejection fraction (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.98) or for left ventricular volume (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.61) or mass (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.52) when indexed for height.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">DMD is associated with early, appreciable EAT, which increases over the life span and is positively related to measures of general adiposity. Increased EAT is associated with higher levels of NT\u2010proBNP without a change in systolic function, suggesting it may contribute to diastolic dysfunction in DMD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.125.042300","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T12:11:17Z","timestamp":1760011877000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Epicardial Adipose Tissue in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Cardiomyopathy"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7925-5884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eleanor","family":"Greiner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine","place":["Cincinnati, 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M.","family":"Lang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine","place":["Cincinnati, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4237-576X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas D.","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine","place":["Cincinnati, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9404-7368","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas J.","family":"Ollberding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine","place":["Cincinnati, USA"]},{"name":"Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of 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